Stone A C, Milner G R, Pääbo S, Stoneking M
Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1996 Feb;99(2):231-8. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199602)99:2<231::AID-AJPA1>3.0.CO;2-1.
A method for determining the sex of human skeletons was developed using molecular genetic techniques. The amelogenin gene, found on the X and Y chromosomes, was examined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a nonradioactive dot blot procedure. DNA was analyzed from 20 modern individuals of known sex and 20 skeletons from an archaeological site in central Illinois dating to A.D. 1300. An independent assessment of the sex of each skeleton was made according to standard osteological methods. The sex of 19 ancient and 20 modern individuals was accurately determined using this molecular genetic technique. Molecular sex determination will be especially useful for juvenile and fragmentary remains when it is difficult, or impossible, to establish an individual's sex from morphological features.
利用分子遗传学技术开发了一种确定人类骨骼性别的方法。使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）和非放射性斑点印迹法检测了位于X和Y染色体上的釉原蛋白基因。对20名已知性别的现代个体以及来自伊利诺伊州中部一个可追溯至公元1300年的考古遗址的20具骨骼的DNA进行了分析。根据标准骨学方法对每具骨骼的性别进行了独立评估。使用这种分子遗传学技术准确确定了19具古代个体和20具现代个体的性别。当难以或无法从形态特征确定个体性别时，分子性别鉴定对于青少年和残缺遗骸将特别有用。
