Wallin A, Edman A, Blennow K, Gottfries C G, Karlsson I, Regland B, Sjögren M
Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Göteborg University, Mölndal, Sweden.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 1996 Oct;9(4):185-99. doi: 10.1177/089198879600900406.
A method for clinical examination of patients with dementia, stepwise comparative status analysis (STEP), is presented. It combines psychiatric and neurologic status examination methods to identify certain common dementia symptoms by which the patient's regional brain symptom profile can be determined. Fifty status variables (items) are estimated with respect to occurrence and severity. The analysis is performed in three steps. The scores on the 'primary' variables reflect observations of single dementia symptoms. These scores form the basis for the assessment of the 'compound' variables, which in turn form the basis for evaluation of the 'complex' variables, one of which describes the patient's regional (predominant) brain syndrome (subcortical, frontosubcortical, frontal, frontoparietal, parietal, or global). In 96 mildly and moderately demented inpatients, the global (42%) and frontosubcortical (31%) were the most common. Ninety-one percent of the patients with vascular dementia had a predominant frontal and/or subcortical symptomatology.
本文介绍了一种用于痴呆患者临床检查的方法——逐步比较状态分析（STEP）。它结合了精神科和神经科状态检查方法，以识别某些常见的痴呆症状，通过这些症状可以确定患者的局部脑症状特征。针对出现情况和严重程度对50个状态变量（项目）进行评估。分析分三个步骤进行。“主要”变量的得分反映对单个痴呆症状的观察结果。这些得分构成评估“复合”变量的基础，而“复合”变量又构成评估“复杂”变量的基础，其中一个“复杂”变量描述患者的局部（主要）脑综合征（皮质下、额皮质下、额叶、额顶叶、顶叶或整体）。在96名轻度和中度痴呆住院患者中，整体（42%）和额皮质下（31%）是最常见的。91%的血管性痴呆患者具有主要的额叶和/或皮质下症状。
