Long-term neuropsychological risks in pediatric bone marrow transplant: what do we know?

While research has documented neuropsychological sequelae following cranial radiation and chemotherapy for childhood cancer, little is known about the effects of the BMT process on the neuropsychological functioning of children. Results from ongoing studies at The University of Iowa indicate that at pre-BMT evaluations, children who have had prior CRT already show signs of declining IQ scores and below average academic achievement. By 4 years post-BMT, there is evidence of declining IQ, achievement, memory, and fine motor skills. Risk factors appear to be younger age at diagnosis and CRT prior to BMT but additional research is needed.