Libshitz H I, DuBrow R A, Loyer E M, Charnsangavej C
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
Eur Radiol. 1996;6(6):786-95. doi: 10.1007/BF00240672.
Radiotherapy causes changes in a treated malignancy and the surrounding normal tissue which must be included in the radiation fields. Awareness of the expected appearance of these changes frequently permits differentiation of them from superimposed infection, recurrent malignancy, radiation-induced tumors, and the other true complications of radiation therapy. Radiotherapy changes are a function of the tissue volume treated, field shape, total dose and how it was delivered, time from completion of therapy, and the possible effect of other therapies. Timing of radiation changes varies in the different organs. Acute radiation pneumonitis is generally seen approximately 2 months after completion of radiotherapy, but radiation pericarditis not until 6-9 months after therapy. Radiation-induced sarcomas do not develop on average until 10-15 years after radiation therapy. An overview of expected findings and complications in the lungs, heart, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, and bones is presented.
放射治疗会使接受治疗的恶性肿瘤及其周围正常组织发生变化，而这些组织必须包含在放射野内。了解这些变化的预期表现常常有助于将它们与叠加的感染、复发性恶性肿瘤、放射诱导的肿瘤以及放射治疗的其他真正并发症区分开来。放射治疗引起的变化取决于所治疗的组织体积、野的形状、总剂量及其给予方式、治疗结束后的时间以及其他治疗的可能影响。不同器官中放射变化的时间各不相同。急性放射性肺炎通常在放射治疗结束后约2个月出现，但放射性心包炎直到治疗后6 - 9个月才出现。放射诱导的肉瘤平均在放射治疗后10 - 15年才会发生。本文将概述肺部、心脏、胃肠道、泌尿生殖道和骨骼的预期发现及并发症。
