Ashwell M J, Smith D W, Phillips P A, Rouse I L
Epidemiology Branch, Health Department of Western Australia, East Perth, Australia.
Epidemiol Infect. 1996 Dec;117(3):507-12. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800059185.
During the autumn of 1992, Western Australia experienced a large viral meningitis outbreak of dual aetiology. Of the 161 cases, 64% were children under 15 years of age, with the highest notification rate being in children less than 5 years of age. Echovirus 9 caused 41% of cases and occurred mainly in the metropolitan areas of Western Australia whereas echovirus 6, which caused 37% of cases, was more widespread. An enterovirus was cultured from 70% of CSF specimens, 88% of faecal specimens and 68% of upper respiratory tract specimens. High CSF white cell counts and neutrophil predominance were common. Seven cases had normal CSF white cell counts even though an enterovirus was isolated from the CSF. Therefore, the CSF findings were of restricted value in excluding viral meningitis, and did not reliably distinguish between bacterial and viral meningitis.
1992年秋季，西澳大利亚州爆发了一次由两种病因引起的大规模病毒性脑膜炎疫情。在161例病例中，64%为15岁以下儿童，其中5岁以下儿童的报告率最高。埃可病毒9型导致了41%的病例，主要发生在西澳大利亚州的大都市地区，而导致37%病例的埃可病毒6型分布更为广泛。70%的脑脊液标本、88%的粪便标本和68%的上呼吸道标本中培养出肠道病毒。脑脊液白细胞计数高和以中性粒细胞为主很常见。尽管从脑脊液中分离出了肠道病毒，但仍有7例脑脊液白细胞计数正常。因此，脑脊液检查结果在排除病毒性脑膜炎方面价值有限，不能可靠地区分细菌性和病毒性脑膜炎。
