Interstitial iodine 125 in advanced recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck with follow-up evaluation of carotid artery by ultrasound.

We retrospectively reviewed our experience with 24 patients in the treatment of advanced recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, using salvage surgery and intraoperative iodine 125 (125I) implantation. Surgical complications and survival results were compiled and compared with those of other studies. The long-term effect of 125I on the carotid artery was evaluated by ultrasound. We had a major complication rate of 21% and an overall complication rate of 50%. Our 2-year overall and determinate survivals were 29% and 50%, respectively. Within the survival group, carotid ultrasounds were obtained to evaluate the long-term effect of 125I. All ultrasounds obtained at least 1 year from the time of treatment showed minimal or no change from the contralateral side. We conclude that intraoperative 125I and salvage surgery are an acceptable treatment for recurrent squamous cell carcinoma with minimal complication and effect on the carotid artery.