Stone W S, Rudd R J, Gold P E
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, USA.
Brain Res. 1995 Oct 2;694(1-2):133-8. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(95)00810-d.
When administered systemically, glucose attenuates deficits in memory produced by several classes of drugs, including cholinergic antagonists and opiate agonists. Glucose also enhances memory in aged rats, mice, and humans. In addition, glucose ameliorates age-related reductions in paradoxical sleep. Because deficits in paradoxical sleep are most marked in those individual aged rats that also have deficits in memory, treatments which improve one of these functions may similarly improve the other. The present experiments show that glucose attenuates deficits in paradoxical sleep and memory after atropine administration, with similar dose-response curves for both actions. In the first experiment, rats received saline, atropine (1 mg/kg), glucose (100 mg/kg) or combinations of atropine + glucose (10, 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) 30 min before assessment on a spontaneous alternation task. In the second experiment, 3-h EEGs were assessed for spontaneous daytime sleep in rats administered saline, atropine (1 mg/kg), glucose (100 mg/kg) or combinations of atropine + glucose (10, 100 and 250 mg/kg). In both experiments, glucose significantly attenuated deficits at an optimal dose of 100 mg/kg. A third experiment assessed blood glucose levels after injections of atropine + glucose (100 mg/kg) and determined that blood glucose levels were similar to those produced by other treatments which enhance memory. These results are consistent with the view that paradoxical sleep and at least one test of memory are similarly influenced by atropine and glucose.
当全身给药时，葡萄糖可减轻几类药物（包括胆碱能拮抗剂和阿片类激动剂）所致的记忆缺陷。葡萄糖还可增强老年大鼠、小鼠和人类的记忆力。此外，葡萄糖可改善与年龄相关的异相睡眠减少。由于异相睡眠缺陷在那些同时存在记忆缺陷的老年大鼠个体中最为明显，改善其中一项功能的治疗可能同样会改善另一项功能。本实验表明，葡萄糖可减轻阿托品给药后异相睡眠和记忆方面的缺陷，两种作用具有相似的剂量反应曲线。在第一个实验中，大鼠在进行自发交替任务评估前30分钟接受生理盐水、阿托品（1毫克/千克）、葡萄糖（100毫克/千克）或阿托品 + 葡萄糖（10、100、250和500毫克/千克）的组合。在第二个实验中，对接受生理盐水、阿托品（1毫克/千克）、葡萄糖（100毫克/千克）或阿托品 + 葡萄糖（10、100和250毫克/千克）的大鼠的白天自发睡眠进行3小时脑电图评估。在两个实验中，葡萄糖在最佳剂量100毫克/千克时均显著减轻了缺陷。第三个实验评估了注射阿托品 + 葡萄糖（100毫克/千克）后的血糖水平，并确定血糖水平与其他增强记忆的治疗所产生的值相似。这些结果与以下观点一致，即异相睡眠和至少一项记忆测试受阿托品和葡萄糖的影响相似。
