Stone W S, Altman H J, Hall J, Arankowsky-Sandoval G, Parekh P, Gold P E
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, USA.
Brain Res. 1996 Dec 2;742(1-2):98-106. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(96)00976-6.
Previous studies show that prenatal exposure to alcohol results in sleep deficits in rats, including reductions in paradoxical sleep. Little is known, however, about the extent or duration of sleep impairments beyond the neonatal period. The present experiment examined effects of prenatal exposure on sleep in young adulthood. Three-hour, daytime sleep EEGs were obtained in 6-month-old female rats prenatally exposed to alcohol. Compared to isocaloric pair-fed and ad libitum control groups, the alcohol-exposed group showed reduced paradoxical sleep. Non-paradoxical sleep did not differ between groups. Concurrent deficits were obtained in radial arm maze, but not inhibitory (passive) avoidance, performance. One year later, at the age of 18 months, alcohol-exposed rats showed deficits in spontaneous alternation behavior which were reversed by administration of glucose (100 mg/kg). Deficits in paradoxical sleep at 6 months of age were highly correlated with deficits in spontaneous alternation behavior at 18 months of age, in individual, alcohol-exposed animals. These results provide the first evidence that prenatal exposure to alcohol results in selective and persistent deficits in sleep. They also show that measures of paradoxical sleep can predict impaired memory over a large portion of the life span, and suggest that glucose can attenuate memory deficits in this population.
先前的研究表明，孕期接触酒精会导致大鼠睡眠不足，包括异相睡眠减少。然而，对于新生儿期之后睡眠障碍的程度或持续时间却知之甚少。本实验研究了孕期接触酒精对成年早期睡眠的影响。对孕期接触酒精的6月龄雌性大鼠进行了3小时的白天睡眠脑电图检查。与等热量配对喂养和自由进食对照组相比，接触酒精组的异相睡眠减少。各组之间的非异相睡眠没有差异。在放射状臂迷宫实验中出现了同时性缺陷，但在抑制性（被动）回避实验中没有出现行为表现缺陷。一年后，即18月龄时，接触酒精的大鼠表现出自发交替行为缺陷，而给予葡萄糖（100毫克/千克）后这些缺陷得到了逆转。在个体接触酒精的动物中，6月龄时的异相睡眠缺陷与18月龄时的自发交替行为缺陷高度相关。这些结果提供了首个证据，表明孕期接触酒精会导致睡眠方面选择性和持续性的缺陷。它们还表明，异相睡眠指标可以预测在生命的大部分时间里记忆受损，并提示葡萄糖可以减轻该群体的记忆缺陷。
