Kavsek M J
Universität Bonn, Psychologisches Institut, Abt. Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie.
Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 1995 Dec;44(10):383-90.
Many studies on perceptual development in infancy use visual attention behaviour as an indicator of intellectual capacities. Decrement of attention with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus (habituation) and recovery of attention to a novel stimulus (dishabituation) are interpreted as reflecting the infant's processing of stimulus information. This information processing interpretation as well as the main empirical habituation-dishabituation procedures are explained. Furthermore, sensory adaptation arguments for habituation and dishabituation are discussed and refuted. Following this critical discussion, empirical evidence for the information processing point of view is given. In this context, investigations are mentioned which indicate substantial correlations between early habituation and dishabituation and later intelligence. These studies support a continuity perspective of mental development from infancy.
许多关于婴儿期知觉发展的研究将视觉注意行为作为智力能力的指标。随着反复接触视觉刺激而出现的注意力下降（习惯化）以及对新刺激的注意力恢复（去习惯化）被解释为反映了婴儿对刺激信息的处理。本文解释了这种信息处理的解释以及主要的习惯化 - 去习惯化实证程序。此外，还讨论并反驳了关于习惯化和去习惯化的感觉适应观点。在这场批判性讨论之后，给出了支持信息处理观点的实证证据。在此背景下，提及了一些调查，这些调查表明早期的习惯化和去习惯化与后期智力之间存在显著相关性。这些研究支持了从婴儿期开始的心理发展的连续性观点。
