Driver J, Baylis G C
Birkbeck College, University of London, WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom.
Cogn Psychol. 1996 Dec;31(3):248-306. doi: 10.1006/cogp.1996.0018.
Eight experiments examined the role of edge-assignment in a contour matching task. Subjects judged whether the jagged vertical edge of a probe shape matched the jagged edge that divided two adjoining shapes in an immediately preceding figure-ground display. Segmentation factors biased assignment of this dividing edge toward a figural shape on just one of its sides. Subjects were faster and more accurate at matching when the probe edge had a corresponding assignment. The rapid emergence of this effect provides an on-line analog of the long-term memory advantage for figures over grounds which Rubin (1915/1958) reported. The present on-line advantage was found when figures were defined by relative contrast and size, or by symmetry, and could not be explained solely by the automatic drawing of attention toward the location of the figural region. However, deliberate attention to one region of an otherwise ambiguous figure-ground display did produce the advantage. We propose that one-sided assignment of dividing edges may be obligatory in vision.
八项实验研究了边缘分配在轮廓匹配任务中的作用。受试者判断探测形状的锯齿状垂直边缘是否与在前一幅图形-背景显示中划分两个相邻形状的锯齿状边缘相匹配。分割因素使这条分割边缘仅在其一侧偏向图形形状。当探测边缘有相应的分配时，受试者在匹配时速度更快且更准确。这种效应的迅速出现提供了一种在线模拟，类似于鲁宾（1915/1958）所报告的图形相对于背景的长期记忆优势。当图形由相对对比度和大小或对称性定义时，发现了这种当前的在线优势，并且不能仅仅通过对图形区域位置的自动注意力吸引来解释。然而，对原本模糊的图形-背景显示的一个区域的刻意关注确实产生了这种优势。我们提出，分割边缘的单侧分配在视觉中可能是强制性的。
