Tanaka H, Fujisawa M, Okada H, Arakawa S, Kamidono S
Department of Urology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.
Br J Urol. 1996 Nov;78(5):769-71. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.1996.19619.x.
To examine the germ-cell kinetics of varicocele testis using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunostaining and image cytometry to evaluate the staining intensity, and to compare the proliferative index (PI) of varicocele and normal testes.
Fifty-six testicular biopsy specimens were taken from 28 patients with varicocele during high ligation. The specimens were fixed and embedded in paraffin, and sections immunostained using an anti-PCNA antibody. The PI was measured using an image analyser and expressed as the percentage of the total nuclear area stained positively with PCNA monoclonal antibody, assessed from > 20 seminiferous tubules. Sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin were used to determine Johnsen's score using conventional microscopy. Normal control testicular biopsies were obtained from subjects undergoing vasectomy.
In patients with varicocele, both testes had a significantly lower PI than normal testes; the mean (SD) PI of the right and left testes was 11.3% (4.1) and 11.3% (4.8), respectively, and the PI of normal testes was 21.7% (3.1). There was no significant correlation between PI and sperm concentration or Johnsen's score.
PI is useful for assessing germ-cell kinetics; in patients with varicocele both testes showed a deterioration in DNA synthesis, suggesting that reduced DNA synthesis is one of the causes of spermatogenic dysfunction in the varicocele testes.
运用增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）免疫染色及图像细胞术检测精索静脉曲张患者睾丸的生殖细胞动力学，以评估染色强度，并比较精索静脉曲张睾丸与正常睾丸的增殖指数（PI）。
28例精索静脉曲张患者在高位结扎手术期间获取56份睾丸活检标本。标本经固定后石蜡包埋，切片用抗PCNA抗体进行免疫染色。使用图像分析仪测量PI，并表示为PCNA单克隆抗体阳性染色的总核面积百分比，从超过20个生精小管进行评估。用苏木精和伊红染色的切片用于通过传统显微镜确定约翰森评分。正常对照睾丸活检标本取自接受输精管切除术的受试者。
精索静脉曲张患者的双侧睾丸PI均显著低于正常睾丸；右侧和左侧睾丸的平均（标准差）PI分别为11.3%（4.1）和11.3%（4.8），正常睾丸的PI为21.7%（3.1）。PI与精子浓度或约翰森评分之间无显著相关性。
PI有助于评估生殖细胞动力学；精索静脉曲张患者的双侧睾丸均显示DNA合成功能恶化，提示DNA合成减少是精索静脉曲张睾丸生精功能障碍的原因之一。
