Paus T, Otaky N, Caramanos Z, MacDonald D, Zijdenbos A, D'Avirro D, Gutmans D, Holmes C, Tomaiuolo F, Evans A C
Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Quebec, Canada.
J Comp Neurol. 1996 Dec 23;376(4):664-73. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19961223)376:4<664::AID-CNE12>3.0.CO;2-M.
Volumes of the intrasulcal gray matter were measured in three cerebral sulci located on the medial wall of the human frontal lobe: cingulate sulcus (CS), paracingulate sulcus (PCS), and superior-rostral sulcus (SRS). The measurements were carried out on T1-weighted 3-D high-resolution magnetic-resonance (MR) images acquired in 105 young right-handed volunteers (42 female and 63 male). Before the measurement, the images were transformed into a standardized stereotaxic space (Talairach and Tournoux [1988] Human Brain: 3-Dimensional Proportional System. An Approach to Cerebral Imaging. Stuttgart, New York: Georg Thieme Verlag), thus removing inter-individual differences in brain size. The intrasulcal gray matter was segmented in a semi-automatic manner. Significant gender differences were found in the volume of the CS (female > male) and the PCS (male > female). Hemispheric asymmetries were observed between the left and right volumes of the intrasulcal gray matter in the anterior (right > left) and posterior (left > right) segments of the CS, as well as between the left and right volumes of the PCS (left > right). There was no interaction between the asymmetries and gender. In addition, significant positive correlations were found between the left and right gray-matter volumes in the anterior (r = 0.43) and posterior (r = 0.66) segments of the CS, whereas significant negative correlations were observed between the gray-matter volumes of the anterior segment of the CS and those of the PCS (left hemisphere: r = -0.48; right hemisphere: r = -0.42). The observed hemispheric asymmetries in the CS and PCS gray-matter volumes are consistent with the proposed role of these structures in the integration of emotions with cognition (CS) and in the control of speech/vocalization (PCS). The pattern of inter-hemispheric correlations in the sulcal gray-matter points to an increasing asynchrony in the foetal development of primary (CS), secondary (SRS), and tertiary (PCS) sulci, respectively. The presence of negative correlations between the two neighbouring sulci (CS and PCS) suggests that a process of compensation could underlie interactions between adjacent primary and tertiary sulci. Besides the above volumetric analysis, we also provide average (probability) maps of the three sulci; the use of such maps for the parcellation of the medial frontal lobe and localization of "peaks" obtained in blood-flow activation studies is discussed.
扣带沟（CS）、旁扣带沟（PCS）和上喙沟（SRS）。测量是在105名年轻右利手志愿者（42名女性和63名男性）获取的T1加权三维高分辨率磁共振（MR）图像上进行的。在测量之前，将图像转换为标准化的立体定向空间（Talairach和Tournoux [1988]《人类大脑：三维比例系统。脑成像方法》。斯图加特，纽约：Georg Thieme出版社），从而消除个体脑大小的差异。以半自动方式分割脑沟内灰质。在CS（女性>男性）和PCS（男性>女性）的体积中发现了显著的性别差异。在CS的前部（右侧>左侧）和后部（左侧>右侧）段以及PCS的左右体积之间（左侧>右侧）观察到脑沟内灰质的半球不对称性。不对称性与性别之间没有相互作用。此外，在CS的前部（r = 0.43）和后部（r = 0.66）段的左右灰质体积之间发现了显著的正相关，而在CS前部段与PCS的灰质体积之间（左半球：r = -0.48；右半球：r = -0.42）观察到显著的负相关。在CS和PCS灰质体积中观察到的半球不对称性与这些结构在情绪与认知整合（CS）以及言语/发声控制（PCS）中所提出的作用一致。脑沟灰质中半球间相关性的模式表明，初级（CS）、次级（SRS）和三级（PCS）脑沟在胎儿发育过程中分别存在越来越大的异步性。两个相邻脑沟（CS和PCS）之间存在负相关表明，补偿过程可能是相邻初级和三级脑沟之间相互作用的基础。除了上述体积分析外，我们还提供了这三个脑沟的平均（概率）图；讨论了使用此类图对内侧额叶进行分区以及在血流激活研究中获得的“峰值点”的定位。
