Bry K, Hallman M, Teramo K, Waffarn F, Lappalainen U
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine 92717, USA.
Pediatr Res. 1997 Jan;41(1):105-9. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199701000-00016.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a cytokine that promotes white cell maturation, participates in the metabolism of pulmonary surfactant. Little is known on the production of GM-CSF during pregnancy or the neonatal period. We studied how the concentrations of GM-CSF in amniotic fluid (AF) or in tracheal aspirates (TA) of newborn infants are influenced by length of gestation, postnatal age, as well as conditions affecting the mother or the fetus. One hundred and forty-three AF samples from 143 pregnant patients (gestational age range, 28-42 wk) and 202 TA samples from 82 neonates (gestational age, 24-42.5 wk, postnatal age 0.2 d to 4 wk) were analyzed for GM-CSF using ELISA. In patients with intact membranes, AF GM-CSF increased as a function of gestational age; the concentrations were below 7.5 ng/L (detection limit of the assay) (n = 5), 18.6 +/- 2.3 ng/L (n = 56), and 56.7 +/- 7.9 ng/L (n = 58) at gestational ages between 28 and 32 wk, between 32 and 37 wk, and in term patients, respectively (linear regression: r = 0.404, p = 0.001). Among patients at less than 33 wk of gestation, those with intact membranes had a median AF GM-CSF concentration under the detection limit (n = 7), whereas in those with preterm premature rupture of membranes, the concentration was 50.1 +/- 22.2 ng/L (n = 16) (p = 0.002). Among term patients, those in labor had higher AF GM-CSF than those without signs of labor. TA GM-CSF at less than 12 h of age correlated with gestational age (r = 0.654, p = 0.0002, n = 28); thereafter, TA GM-CSF increased, and gestation dependence disappeared. We conclude that GM-CSF in AF and in fetal lung liquid is developmentally regulated and GM-CSF production increases in inflammatory conditions during pregnancy.
粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）是一种促进白细胞成熟的细胞因子，参与肺表面活性物质的代谢。关于孕期或新生儿期GM-CSF的产生情况，人们了解甚少。我们研究了羊水（AF）或新生儿气管吸出物（TA）中GM-CSF的浓度如何受到妊娠时长、出生后年龄以及影响母亲或胎儿的状况的影响。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）分析了143例孕妇（孕周范围为28 - 42周）的143份羊水样本以及82例新生儿（孕周为24 - 42.5周，出生后年龄为0.2天至4周）的202份气管吸出物样本中的GM-CSF。在胎膜完整的患者中，羊水GM-CSF随孕周增加而升高；在孕28至32周、32至37周以及足月患者中，GM-CSF浓度分别低于7.5 ng/L（该检测方法的检测下限）（n = 5）、18.6 ± 2.3 ng/L（n = 56）和56.7 ± 7.9 ng/L（n = 58）（线性回归：r = 0.404，p = 0.001）。在孕周小于33周的患者中，胎膜完整者羊水GM-CSF浓度中位数低于检测下限（n = 7），而胎膜早破的患者中，浓度为50.1 ± 22.2 ng/L（n = 16）（p = 0.002）。在足月患者中，临产者羊水GM-CSF高于未临产者。出生后年龄小于12小时的气管吸出物GM-CSF与孕周相关（r = 0.654，p = 0.0002，n = 28）；此后，气管吸出物GM-CSF升高，孕周相关性消失。我们得出结论，羊水和胎儿肺液中的GM-CSF受发育调控，孕期炎症状态下GM-CSF产生增加。
