Lapan RT, Shaughnessy P, Boggs K
University of Missouri-Columbia
J Vocat Behav. 1996 Dec;49(3):277-91. doi: 10.1006/jvbe.1996.0044.
A longitudinal study was conducted to test the mediational role of efficacy expectations in relation to sex differences in the choice of a math/science college major. Data on 101 students were gathered prior to their entering college and then again after they had declared a major 3 years later. Path analytic results support the importance of both math self-efficacy beliefs and vocational interest in mathematics in predicting entry into math/science majors and mediating sex differences in these decisions. Also, students who described themselves as more extroverted were less likely to take additional math classes in high school. Students with stronger artistic vocational interests chose majors less related to math and science. School personnel are strongly encouraged to develop programs that challenge the crystallization of efficacy beliefs and vocational interest patterns before students enter college.
进行了一项纵向研究，以检验效能期望在数学/科学专业选择中的性别差异方面的中介作用。在101名学生进入大学之前收集了他们的数据，三年后他们确定专业后再次收集数据。路径分析结果支持数学自我效能信念和对数学的职业兴趣在预测进入数学/科学专业以及在这些决定中调节性别差异方面的重要性。此外，将自己描述为更外向的学生在高中不太可能选修额外的数学课。具有较强艺术职业兴趣的学生选择的专业与数学和科学的相关性较低。强烈鼓励学校人员制定计划，在学生进入大学之前挑战效能信念和职业兴趣模式的固化。
