Smetana K, Jelínková M, Vacík J, Fischer J, Gabius H J
Institute of Anatomy 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Biomaterials. 1996 Dec;17(24):2335-41. doi: 10.1016/s0142-9612(96)00083-x.
The influence of the chemical structure of polymer implants on selected characteristics of macrophages was studied to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of non-self recognition of synthetic materials. Three types of polymers differing in net charge were prepared to compare in vivo responses. Beads from preparation of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), a copolymer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with sodium methacrylate, and a copolymer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate were injected intraperitoneally into rats and harvested 48 h later. The effects of these polymers on the presence of inflammatory cells in the peritoneal exudate, on the adhesion of macrophages to individual batches of the different types of beads and on distinct molecular aspects of macrophages in the red pulp of spleen were evaluated. Beads from both types of copolymer caused an elevation in the number of macrophages in the exudate, in contrast to the situation in rats treated with poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) beads and physiological saline solution as control. The molecular design of the implant had no significant influence on the extent of macrophage adhesion to beads or on the expression of selected carbohydrate-binding sites. Since important cellular functions such as cell adhesion and glycoprotein routing depend on the sugar part of glycoconjugates, labelled neoglycoproteins were employed to analyse this aspect of macrophages in the tested animals. The beads of the copolymer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate clearly led to an elevation of the expression of specific binding sites for beta-galactoside-terminating structures which are presented by asialofetuin, for mannose, fucose, sialic acid and N-acetylgalactosamine, which had been used as the ligand parts of biotinylated neoglycoproteins, in spleen macrophages whereas the levels of sites which recognize mannose-6-phosphate were unaffected. Expression of sites with specificity to N-acetylglucosamine was lessened. The effect of beads from the copolymer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with sodium methacrylate on the measured glycobiological features in the splenic macrophages was only negligible. These results suggest the possibility of systemic effects of implanted polymers on the distinct recognitive functions of macrophages.
为了更好地理解合成材料的非自身识别机制，研究了聚合物植入物的化学结构对巨噬细胞特定特性的影响。制备了三种净电荷不同的聚合物，以比较其体内反应。将聚（甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯）、甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯与甲基丙烯酸钠的共聚物、以及甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯与甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯的共聚物制成的珠子腹腔注射到大鼠体内，48小时后收集。评估了这些聚合物对腹腔渗出液中炎性细胞的存在、巨噬细胞对不同类型珠子各批次的粘附以及脾脏红髓中巨噬细胞不同分子方面的影响。与用聚（甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯）珠子和生理盐水作为对照处理的大鼠情况相反，两种共聚物制成的珠子都导致渗出液中巨噬细胞数量增加。植入物的分子设计对巨噬细胞与珠子的粘附程度或所选碳水化合物结合位点的表达没有显著影响。由于细胞粘附和糖蛋白转运等重要细胞功能取决于糖缀合物的糖部分，因此使用标记的新糖蛋白来分析受试动物巨噬细胞的这一方面。甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯与甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯的共聚物珠子明显导致脾脏巨噬细胞中针对唾液酸胎球蛋白呈现的β-半乳糖苷末端结构、甘露糖、岩藻糖、唾液酸和N-乙酰半乳糖胺的特异性结合位点表达升高，这些已用作生物素化新糖蛋白的配体部分，而识别甘露糖-6-磷酸的位点水平未受影响。对N-乙酰葡糖胺具有特异性的位点表达降低。甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯与甲基丙烯酸钠的共聚物珠子对脾巨噬细胞中所测糖生物学特征的影响可忽略不计。这些结果表明植入聚合物对巨噬细胞不同识别功能可能产生全身效应。
