Jiménez-Jiménez F J, García-Ruiz P J, de Bustos F
Servicio de Neurología Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
Rev Neurol. 1996 Oct;24(134):1199-209.
Calcium ion (Ca2+) plays a role in several important functions in the central nervous system such as production of action potentials, neurotransmitter release, or neuronal plasticity, etc. However, its excessive influx to neurons due to failure of the mechanisms implicated in the regulation of its intracellular concentration (Ca(2+)-channels, calcium binding proteins), leads to a cascade of events which causes cytotoxicity and neuronal death. Ca2+ mediated toxicity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's), brain ischemia, epilepsy, cranial trauma, and AIDS-dementia complex. In this article we review the current status of this topic.
钙离子（Ca2+）在中枢神经系统的多种重要功能中发挥作用，如动作电位的产生、神经递质释放或神经元可塑性等。然而，由于参与调节细胞内钙离子浓度的机制（钙通道、钙结合蛋白）失效，导致钙离子过度流入神经元，引发一系列导致细胞毒性和神经元死亡的事件。Ca2+介导的毒性与神经退行性疾病（帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、亨廷顿舞蹈症）、脑缺血、癫痫、颅脑创伤和艾滋病痴呆综合征的发病机制有关。在本文中，我们综述了该主题的当前研究现状。
