Sayre Lawrence M, Perry George, Smith Mark A
Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2008 Jan;21(1):172-88. doi: 10.1021/tx700210j. Epub 2007 Dec 4.
There is increasing awareness of the ubiquitous role of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative disease states. A continuing challenge is to be able to distinguish between oxidative changes that occur early in the disease from those that are secondary manifestations of neuronal degeneration. This perspective highlights the role of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis, neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders where there is evidence for a primary contribution of oxidative stress in neuronal death, as opposed to other diseases where oxidative stress more likely plays a secondary or by-stander role. We begin with a brief review of the biochemistry of oxidative stress as it relates to mechanisms that lead to cell death, and why the central nervous system is particularly susceptible to such mechanisms. Following a review of oxidative stress involvement in individual disease states, some conclusions are provided as to what further research should hope to accomplish in the field.
人们越来越意识到氧化应激在神经退行性疾病状态中普遍存在的作用。一个持续的挑战是能够区分疾病早期发生的氧化变化与神经元变性的继发表现。这一观点强调了氧化应激在阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症和多发性硬化症、神经退行性和神经炎症性疾病中的作用，在这些疾病中，有证据表明氧化应激在神经元死亡中起主要作用，而在其他疾病中，氧化应激更可能起次要或旁观者作用。我们首先简要回顾一下氧化应激的生物化学，因为它与导致细胞死亡的机制有关，以及为什么中枢神经系统特别容易受到这些机制的影响。在回顾了氧化应激在个体疾病状态中的参与情况后，就该领域进一步研究应希望达成的目标给出了一些结论。
