Berquist T H
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA.
Clin Anat. 1997;10(1):1-13. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2353(1997)10:1<1::AID-CA1>3.0.CO;2-#.
The purpose of this review article is to present the advantages and limitations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and arthrography for evaluating articular pathology. Techniques, patient selection, indications and contraindications for each modality are reviewed. MRI provides superior soft tissue contrast and image plane selection, making it the ideal technique for most articular abnormalities. However, obese patients and patients with certain electrical or metallic implants cannot be examined with MRI. CT provides superior detail for fine cortical bone and subtle calcifications, but lacks the soft tissue contrast provided by MRI. Arthrography is an invasive technique with minimal risk of allergy to contrast material or infection. This technique permits accurate measurement of capsular volume, allows for fluid aspiration for laboratory studies and permits injection of anesthetic and/or steroid compounds for purposes of treatment or confirming the site of the patient's pain. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and arthrography are useful techniques for evaluating articular pathology. Careful review of the clinical symptoms and patient's condition is necessary to select the most appropriate technique.
这篇综述文章的目的是介绍磁共振成像（MRI）、计算机断层扫描（CT）和关节造影在评估关节病变方面的优点和局限性。对每种检查方式的技术、患者选择、适应证和禁忌证进行了综述。MRI提供了卓越的软组织对比度和图像平面选择，使其成为大多数关节异常的理想检查技术。然而，肥胖患者和有某些电子或金属植入物的患者不能进行MRI检查。CT能提供精细皮质骨和细微钙化的更清晰细节，但缺乏MRI所提供的软组织对比度。关节造影是一种侵入性技术，对比剂过敏或感染风险极小。该技术可精确测量关节囊容积，便于抽取液体进行实验室检查，并可注射麻醉剂和/或类固醇化合物用于治疗或确定患者疼痛部位。磁共振成像、计算机断层扫描和关节造影都是评估关节病变的有用技术。仔细评估临床症状和患者状况对于选择最合适的技术很有必要。
