Ju H, Dixon I M
Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg.
Can J Cardiol. 1996 Dec;12(12):1259-67.
Extracellular matrix (ECM) in the heart and vascular wall includes fibrous proteins and proteoglycans. Fibrous proteins are classified within two categories: structural (collagen and elastin) and adhesive molecules (laminin and fibronectin). These ECM components are important in maintenance of both structure and function of the heart and vascular tissues. Myocardial infarction, hypertrophy, hypertension and heart failure are well known to be associated with progressive cardiac fibrosis. Vascular hypertrophy and thickening has been associated with the pathological series of events that attends both hypertension and restenosis. The accumulation of ECM in the cardiovascular system plays an important role in the development of heart failure after myocardial infarction and hypertension, as well as in vascular hypertrophy and restenosis. Angiotensin II (angiotensin) and transforming growth factor beta 1 are known to play a role in signalling the abnormal accumulation of ECM in these cardiovascular diseases. Administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor type 1 antagonist is associated with regression of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis as well as vascular hypertrophy.
心脏和血管壁中的细胞外基质（ECM）包括纤维蛋白和蛋白聚糖。纤维蛋白分为两类：结构蛋白（胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白）和黏附分子（层粘连蛋白和纤连蛋白）。这些ECM成分对于维持心脏和血管组织的结构和功能都很重要。众所周知，心肌梗死、肥大、高血压和心力衰竭都与进行性心脏纤维化有关。血管肥大和增厚与伴随高血压和再狭窄的一系列病理事件相关。心血管系统中ECM的积累在心肌梗死后和高血压引起的心力衰竭发展中，以及在血管肥大和再狭窄中起重要作用。已知血管紧张素II（血管紧张素）和转化生长因子β1在这些心血管疾病中ECM异常积累的信号传导中起作用。给予血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂或1型血管紧张素受体拮抗剂与心脏肥大和纤维化以及血管肥大的消退有关。
