Veltri S, Smith J W
University of Michigan Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, USA.
Stem Cells. 1996 Mar;14(2):164-76. doi: 10.1002/stem.140164.
Clinical trials of interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and IL-1 beta have been completed that assess the toxicities of these cytokines as well as their hematopoietic and antitumor effects. Both forms of IL-1 recognize the same cell surface receptors and have similar toxicities and similar biological activities. Toxicities including fever, flu-like symptoms and dose-limiting hypotension can be severe yet manageable, and IL-1 can be given safely to human cancer patients. Most toxicities and biological effects appear to be dose-related. IL-1 alone has little antitumor activity against melanoma, renal cell carcinomas or other malignancies. The hematopoietic effects, including megakaryocytopoietic effects, are modest and are probably not worth the toxicity necessary to achieve them. However, IL-1 seems to endow certain progenitor cells with responsiveness to other hematopoietic cytokines including colony-stimulating factors and IL-3. One potential application of IL-1 is to help expand bone marrow ex vivo following stem cell harvest, which could allow further chemotherapy dose escalations in chemotherapy-sensitive tumors.
白细胞介素1α（IL-1α）和白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）的临床试验已经完成，这些试验评估了这些细胞因子的毒性及其造血和抗肿瘤作用。两种形式的IL-1都识别相同的细胞表面受体，具有相似的毒性和相似的生物学活性。包括发热、流感样症状和剂量限制性低血压在内的毒性可能很严重但可控，并且IL-1可以安全地给予人类癌症患者。大多数毒性和生物学效应似乎与剂量相关。单独使用IL-1对黑色素瘤、肾细胞癌或其他恶性肿瘤几乎没有抗肿瘤活性。其造血作用，包括巨核细胞生成作用，较为适度，可能不值得为此承受所需的毒性。然而，IL-1似乎能使某些祖细胞对包括集落刺激因子和IL-3在内的其他造血细胞因子产生反应。IL-1的一个潜在应用是在干细胞采集后帮助体外扩增骨髓，这可以使化疗敏感肿瘤的化疗剂量进一步增加。
