Smith J H, Mallett A K, Priston R A, Brantom P G, Worrell N R, Sexsmith C, Simpson B J
Exxon Biomedical Sciences, Inc., East Millstone, New Jersey 00875-2350, USA.
Toxicol Pathol. 1996 Mar-Apr;24(2):214-30. doi: 10.1177/019262339602400210.
Subchronic 90-day feeding studies were conducted in male and female Fischer-344 (F-344) rats on highly refined white mineral oils and waxes representative of those used for food applications. The goal was to help clarify the mixed results found in other toxicity studies with laboratory animals. Seven white oils and 5 waxes were fed at dietary doses of 20,000, 2,000, 200, and 20 ppm and compared with control groups on untreated diet; toxicity was assessed at 90 days and also after a reversal period of 28 days and/or 85 days. Higher molecular-sized hydrocarbons (microcrystalline waxes and the higher viscosity oils) were without biological effects. Paraffin waxes and low- to midviscosity oils produced biological effects that were inversely related to molecular weight, viscosity, and melting point; oil type and processing did not appear to be determinants. Biological effects were more pronounced in females than in males. Effects occurred mainly in the liver and mesenteric lymph nodes and included increased organ weights, microscopic inflammatory changes, and evidence for the presence of saturated mineral hydrocarbons in affected tissues. Inflammation of the cardiac mitral valve was also observed at high doses in rats treated with paraffin waxes. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism for the responses observed and the relevance of these inflammatory responses in the F-344 rat to other species, including humans.
在雄性和雌性Fischer-344（F-344）大鼠中开展了为期90天的亚慢性喂养研究，所用的是高度精炼的白色矿物油和蜡，它们代表了食品应用中使用的那些产品。目的是帮助厘清在其他实验动物毒性研究中发现的混合结果。七种白油和五种蜡分别以20,000、2,000、200和20 ppm的膳食剂量喂食，并与未处理饮食的对照组进行比较；在90天时以及在28天和/或85天的恢复期后评估毒性。分子尺寸较大的碳氢化合物（微晶蜡和较高粘度的油）没有生物学效应。石蜡和低至中等粘度的油产生的生物学效应与分子量、粘度和熔点呈负相关；油的类型和加工过程似乎不是决定因素。生物学效应在雌性中比在雄性中更明显。效应主要发生在肝脏和肠系膜淋巴结，包括器官重量增加、微观炎症变化以及在受影响组织中存在饱和矿物碳氢化合物的确切证据。在用石蜡处理的大鼠中，高剂量时还观察到心脏二尖瓣炎症。需要进一步研究以阐明所观察到的反应机制以及F-344大鼠中这些炎症反应与包括人类在内的其他物种的相关性。
