Latz D, Schraube P, Wannenmacher M
Radiologische Universitätsklinik, Abteilung Klinische Radiologie, Heidelberg.
Strahlenther Onkol. 1996 Dec;172(12):685-9.
Acute side effects of total body irradiation lead to intense molestations of the patients. Therefore, it is desirable to take measures to reduce these side effects. In a retrospective study the frequency of acute side effects of a hyperfractionated accelerated total body irradiation was assessed and compared to frequencies of other exposure schedules published in the literature. Additionally the influence of ondansetron on the frequency of nausea and vomiting was investigated.
From 1989 to 1992, 76 patients (47 male, 29 female; median age 38 years) underwent total body irradiation before autologous bone marrow transplantation. They received 3 daily doses of 1.20 Gy each every 4 h on 4 successive days to a total dose of 14.40 Gy. Thirty-nine patients received 3 x 8 mg (daily, intravenous or per os) ondansetron during the whole course of irradiation.
The most relevant side effects were nausea and vomiting. Patients, who did not receive ondansetron (n = 37) showed a nausea and emesis rate of 73%. With ondansetron (n = 39) nausea and emesis were reduced to 38%. Also the grade of severity of these side effects was reduced.
Ondansetron proved to be an effective medicament for relieving nausea and vomiting during total body irradiation. The results obtained are in concordance with those published in the literature.
全身照射的急性副作用会给患者带来极大困扰。因此，采取措施减轻这些副作用是很有必要的。在一项回顾性研究中，评估了超分割加速全身照射急性副作用的发生率，并与文献中公布的其他照射方案的发生率进行了比较。此外，还研究了昂丹司琼对恶心和呕吐发生率的影响。
1989年至1992年期间，76例患者（47例男性，29例女性；中位年龄38岁）在自体骨髓移植前接受了全身照射。他们在连续4天内每天分3次，每4小时接受1.20 Gy的照射，总剂量为14.40 Gy。39例患者在整个照射过程中接受了3×8 mg（每日，静脉注射或口服）的昂丹司琼。
最主要的副作用是恶心和呕吐。未接受昂丹司琼的患者（n = 37）恶心和呕吐发生率为73%。使用昂丹司琼的患者（n = 39）恶心和呕吐发生率降至38%。这些副作用的严重程度也有所降低。
昂丹司琼被证明是一种有效的药物，可减轻全身照射期间的恶心和呕吐。所得结果与文献中公布的结果一致。
