Andersen A G, Ziebe S, Andersen A N
Ugeskr Laeger. 1996 Nov 18;158(47):6747-51.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is now established in the treatment of infertility. Fertilization is achieved by microinjection of a single spermatozoon into the ooplasma. Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia is the main indication, but ICSI is also used in cases of failed fertilization after standard IVF, retrograde ejaculation and male immunological infertility. In obstructive azoospermia ICSI is performed after aspiration of epididymal or testicular spermatozoa. In some anejaculatoric men spermatozon can be obtained following penile vibration or electro-stimulation, but they often have poor motility and ICSI may be used for fertilization. ICSI may also be used after thawing of semen cryopreserved prior to treatment of a malignant disease. Since 1991 the ICSI technique has been improved, and today the pregnancy rates are at least as good as after standard IVF. So far, studies of the foetuses and children born after ICSI show that the number of malformations and abnormal karyotypes is within the range of the normal population.
胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）现已确立用于治疗不孕症。通过将单个精子显微注射到卵质中实现受精。少弱畸精子症是主要适应症，但ICSI也用于标准体外受精（IVF）后受精失败、逆行射精和男性免疫性不孕的情况。在梗阻性无精子症中，在吸取附睾或睾丸精子后进行ICSI。在一些不射精男性中，通过阴茎振动或电刺激可获取精子，但这些精子通常活力较差，可使用ICSI进行受精。在治疗恶性疾病之前冷冻保存的精液解冻后也可使用ICSI。自1991年以来，ICSI技术不断改进，如今的妊娠率至少与标准IVF后的妊娠率相当。到目前为止，对ICSI后出生的胎儿和儿童的研究表明，畸形和异常核型的数量在正常人群范围内。
