Bade H, Koebke J
Department of Anatomy, University of Cologne, Germany.
Acta Anat (Basel). 1996;156(2):112-7. doi: 10.1159/000147835.
The phalangeal extensor tendon is surrounded and fixed by connective tissue showing differently extended expansions of its intercellular spaces. This connective tissue runs in horizontal lamellae and forms connective tissue spaces around the dorsal extensor apparatus. The clinical importance of the connective tissue spaces is in the formation of gliding spaces and the diffusion of phlegmonas or purulent infection processes. The morphological differentiation of the cellular and intercellular elements of the dorsal connective tissue lamellae shows that the peritendinous gliding spaces around the dorsal aponeurosis are bordered by synovia-like cellular and noncellular structures. Besides mast cells and histiocytes many cells are seen that show all signs of activated fibroblasts. They form small groups of cells. These cells produce a mucoid dense bordering lamella that is opposite to the collagenous fibers of the dorsal aponeurosis. The intercellular matrix has importance both in fixing and mobilizing the phalangeal extensor tendons in the sheathless parts of the phalangeal extensor tendon.
指伸肌腱被结缔组织包围并固定，该结缔组织的细胞间隙呈现出不同程度的扩张。这种结缔组织呈水平板层状分布，并在背侧伸肌装置周围形成结缔组织间隙。结缔组织间隙的临床意义在于形成滑动间隙以及脓性感染或化脓性感染过程的扩散。背侧结缔组织板层的细胞和细胞间成分的形态学分化表明，背侧腱膜周围的腱周滑动间隙由滑膜样细胞和非细胞结构界定。除肥大细胞和组织细胞外，还可见许多显示出成纤维细胞活化迹象的细胞。它们形成小细胞群。这些细胞产生一层与背侧腱膜胶原纤维相对的黏液样致密边界板层。细胞间基质对于指伸肌腱无腱鞘部分的指伸肌腱的固定和活动均具有重要意义。
