Baade P D, Balanda K P, Stanton W R, Gillespie A M, Lowe J B
Centre for Health Promotion and Cancer Prevention Research, Medical School, University of Queensland, Australia.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1997 Jan;36(1):33-9. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(97)70322-0.
Detecting melanoma early often relies on patient concern about a particular pigmented lesion. However, it is not clear what specific features the public views as being important.
Our purpose was to explore the importance persons place on various features of skin lesions when looking for early signs of melanoma.
This study comprised 1148 respondents (participation rate, 78%) from 60 rural communities in Queensland, Australia, who participated in a telephone interview.
The following features were considered important and are listed in order of importance: change in the lesion (clearly identified as the most important), more than one color, uneven edges, elevation, large size (the last three of equal importance), and hairiness of the lesion. Age, sex, education, self-efficacy, perceived knowledge, and recent self-examination influenced importance levels, but having a recent skin examination by a family physician did not.
To increase the skin self-examination skills of the community, guidelines may have to become more specific and all opportunities fully utilized to educate the public.
早期发现黑色素瘤通常依赖于患者对特定色素沉着病变的关注。然而，公众认为哪些具体特征很重要尚不清楚。
我们的目的是探讨人们在寻找黑色素瘤早期迹象时对皮肤病变各种特征的重视程度。
本研究包括来自澳大利亚昆士兰州60个农村社区的1148名受访者（参与率78%），他们参与了电话访谈。
以下特征被认为很重要，并按重要性顺序列出：病变变化（明确被认为是最重要的）、多种颜色、边缘不均匀、隆起、大尺寸（后三项重要性相同）以及病变有毛发。年龄、性别、教育程度、自我效能感、感知知识和近期自我检查会影响重视程度，但近期由家庭医生进行皮肤检查则不会。
为提高社区的皮肤自我检查技能，指南可能需要更加具体，并充分利用所有机会对公众进行教育。
