Zadra A L, Pihl R O
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada.
Psychother Psychosom. 1997;66(1):50-5. doi: 10.1159/000289106.
Lucid dreams occur when a person becomes aware that he or she is dreaming while still in the dream state. Previous reports on the use of lucid dreaming in the treatment of nightmares do not contain adequate baseline data, follow-up data, or both.
A treatment of recurrent nightmares incorporating progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, and lucid dream induction is presented for 2 case studies. Three other cases were treated with lucid dream induction alone. The duration of the nightmares ranged from once every few days to once every few months.
The procedures were effective in all 5 cases. A 1-year follow-up showed that 4 of the subjects no longer had nightmares and that 1 subject experienced a decrease in the intensity and frequency of her nightmares.
The alleviation of recurrent nightmares in these 5 cases parallels the results reported by other authors who have used training in lucid dreaming to treat nightmares. Our results support the idea that treatments based on lucid dream induction can be of therapeutic value. Based on these and other case studies, it remains unclear whether the principal factor responsible for the alleviation of nightmares is lucidity itself, or the ability to alter some aspect of the dream.
清醒梦是指一个人在仍处于梦境状态时意识到自己正在做梦。先前关于使用清醒梦治疗噩梦的报告并未包含足够的基线数据、随访数据，或两者皆无。
针对2个案例研究，介绍了一种结合渐进性肌肉放松、引导性意象和清醒梦诱导的复发性噩梦治疗方法。另外3个案例仅接受了清醒梦诱导治疗。噩梦的发作频率从每隔几天一次到每隔几个月一次不等。
该治疗方法对所有5个案例均有效。1年的随访显示，其中4名受试者不再做噩梦，1名受试者的噩梦强度和频率有所降低。
这5个案例中复发性噩梦的缓解与其他使用清醒梦训练治疗噩梦的作者所报告的结果相似。我们的结果支持了基于清醒梦诱导的治疗方法具有治疗价值这一观点。基于这些及其他案例研究，目前尚不清楚减轻噩梦的主要因素是清醒梦本身，还是改变梦境某些方面的能力。
