Laatikainen T, Ranta R
Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
Acta Odontol Scand. 1996 Dec;54(6):365-8. doi: 10.3109/00016359609003553.
The frequency and expression of the Carabelli trait among 36 twin pairs discordant or concordant for cleft lip and/or palate were investigated. Four of 10 monozygotic (MZ) and 24 of 26 dizygotic (DZ) pairs of twins were discordant for clefts. The frequency of the trait on the first upper molars of the noncleft subjects was 79%. It varied from 54% to 61% in the subjects with clefts, and the frequency of the trait decreased with increasing extension of the cleft. The occurrence of the trait was bilateral in more than 90% of the MZ and the DZ subjects. MZ twins had a higher concordance rate for the corresponding molar comparisons and for cross-twin comparisons than did the DZ pairs. The corresponding polychoric correlations for MZ twin pairs were estimated to be 1.0, and for the DZ twin pairs estimates ranged from 0.4 to 0.5. Thus, genetic factors appear to control the Carabelli trait, and the heritability seems to be high even in our cleft lip and/or palate twins.
对36对唇裂和/或腭裂不一致或一致的双胞胎中卡氏特征的频率和表达进行了研究。10对单卵双胞胎（MZ）中有4对、26对双卵双胞胎（DZ）中有24对双胞胎存在唇裂不一致情况。非唇裂受试者上颌第一磨牙上该特征的频率为79%。在唇裂受试者中，该频率在54%至61%之间变化，且该特征的频率随唇裂范围的扩大而降低。在超过90%的MZ和DZ受试者中，该特征的出现是双侧的。与DZ双胞胎相比，MZ双胞胎在相应磨牙比较和跨双胞胎比较中的一致性率更高。MZ双胞胎对的相应多列相关系数估计为1.0，DZ双胞胎对的估计值在0.4至0.5之间。因此，遗传因素似乎控制着卡氏特征，即使在我们的唇裂和/或腭裂双胞胎中，遗传度似乎也很高。
