Donovan D M
Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute, Seattle, Washington 98105-6696, USA.
Addiction. 1996 Dec;91 Suppl:S29-36.
The present paper provides a brief overview of methodological issues involved in the process of assessment related to the classification and prediction of relapse. These include conceptual and operational definitions of relapse, retrospective versus prospective assessment, attributional biases in recalling relapse events, single versus multiple determinants of relapse, static versus dynamic assessment models, and the necessary level of specificity involved in the assessment of relapse categories. Additionally, general domains representing distal personal characteristics, intermediate background variables and factors proximal in time to relapse situations are reviewed. Potential variables appropriate for assessment within each of these domains are described. It is concluded that relapse is best understood as a complex process having multiple and interactive determinants that vary in their temporal proximity from and their relative influence on relapse. An adequate assessment model must be sufficiently comprehensive to include theoretically relevant variables from each of the multiple domains and different levels of potential predictors.
本文简要概述了与复发分类和预测相关的评估过程中涉及的方法学问题。这些问题包括复发的概念和操作定义、回顾性评估与前瞻性评估、回忆复发事件时的归因偏差、复发的单一决定因素与多个决定因素、静态评估模型与动态评估模型，以及复发类别评估中所需的特异性水平。此外，还对代表远端个人特征、中间背景变量和复发情况发生时间上较近因素的一般领域进行了综述。描述了适合在这些领域中每个领域进行评估的潜在变量。得出的结论是，复发最好被理解为一个复杂的过程，具有多个相互作用的决定因素，这些因素在与复发的时间接近度及其对复发的相对影响方面各不相同。一个充分的评估模型必须足够全面，以包括来自多个领域和不同潜在预测水平的理论相关变量。
