Family planning practices before and after childbirth in Lusaka, Zambia.

A total of 408 randomly selected normally delivered women who had given birth to healthy infants were recruited from a postnatal ward at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) in Lusaka, Zambia. Family planning practices before and after pregnancy and delivery were investigated among 376 of these women. The interviews were conducted in their homes or at the postpartum clinic at the UTH at the end of puerperium. The remaining 32 women, mainly primiparae, were lost to follow-up. Thirty four percent of the women had used a family planning method before the present childbirth. Most of those (90%) had used modern methods. Women with eight and more years of education used modern contraceptive methods more often than those with less education. One year after delivery, 64% of the women were using modern or traditional family planning methods. Of those who used traditional methods, 15% relied on lactational amenorrhoea. Of those who did not use any method, 39% indicated that their husbands did not allow them. Fifty-six per cent of the teenagers stated that they had no knowledge of family planning, whereas 84% of the single teenagers had not used contraceptives before. In view of this, teenagers and single mothers need a special focus in the development of family planning programmes. We also recommend that more research should focus on views of both men and women on contraceptive use.