Steyn K, Fourie J, Lombard C, Katzenellenbogen J, Bourne L, Jooste P
Programme for Chronic Diseases of Lifestyle, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa.
East Afr Med J. 1996 Nov;73(11):758-63.
Hypertension prevalence, treatment status and factors relating to high blood pressure were determined in an urban black community of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. A study population of 986 subjects aged 15-64 years was randomly selected. Blood pressure, height, weight and serum cholesterol levels were measured, while demographic information, personal and family history relating to hypertension and attendance of health services were determined by questionnaire. Overall 9.2% of males and 12.9% of females were hypertensive according to WHO criteria. Blood pressures between 160/95 and 140/90 mmHg were found in 10% of males and 10.5% of females. The treatment status of hypertensives showed that 24.3% had a blood pressure below 160/95 mmHg, and 16% below 140/90 mmHg. Hypertensives used more alcohol and were more overweight than normotensives. Multiple logistic regression revealed that hypertension was independently related to age, being overweight and more urbanised. The degree of urbanisation also predicted to what extent hypertension prevalence increases with age. This black population had low hypertension rates compared with other similar groups in South Africa. These data suggest that as rural blacks increasingly undergo urbanisation, hypertension prevalence increases. Necessary diagnostic and treatment regimens and hypertension services are not yet in place in the South African health services, and need to be established.
在南非开普半岛的一个城市黑人社区，对高血压患病率、治疗状况以及与高血压相关的因素进行了测定。随机选取了986名年龄在15至64岁之间的研究对象。测量了血压、身高、体重和血清胆固醇水平，同时通过问卷调查确定了人口统计学信息、与高血压相关的个人和家族病史以及医疗服务就诊情况。根据世界卫生组织标准，总体上9.2%的男性和12.9%的女性患有高血压。在10%的男性和10.5%的女性中发现血压在160/95至140/90 mmHg之间。高血压患者的治疗状况显示，24.3%的患者血压低于160/95 mmHg，16%的患者血压低于140/90 mmHg。高血压患者比血压正常者饮酒更多且体重更超标。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，高血压与年龄、超重以及城市化程度更高独立相关。城市化程度还预示着高血压患病率随年龄增长的增加程度。与南非其他类似群体相比，这个黑人人群的高血压发病率较低。这些数据表明，随着农村黑人日益城市化，高血压患病率会上升。南非医疗服务中尚未建立必要的诊断和治疗方案以及高血压服务，需要加以确立。
