Kumar A, Sorkness R L, Kaplan M R, Lemanske R F
Department of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792-3244, USA.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997 Jan;155(1):130-4. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.155.1.9001301.
Viral bronchiolitis in human infants has been associated with persistent airway abnormalities, but not proven as a cause. Previously we observed some adult rats had airway obstruction and hyperresponsiveness following bronchiolitis at an early age. The purpose of this study was to determine, via serial measurements of lung mechanics, whether the postbronchiolitis airway obstruction was episodic or continuous, and to determine the magnitude and duration of glucocorticoid effects. Rats were either virus- (n = 14) or sham-inoculated (n = 8) at 3 wks of age. Lung mechanics were measured 6 times in each rat at postinoculation Weeks 11-18. Half the rats in each group were treated with dexamethasone for 3 d at Week 15. The virus group had higher lung resistance (p = 0.03) and lower dynamic compliance (p = 0.005) than control rats, with airway obstruction occurring in an episodic pattern. Dexamethasone treatment had a transient effect in postbronchiolitis rats; lung resistance normalized in Week 15 (p = 0.006), then returned to pretreatment levels by Weeks 16-18. We conclude that viral bronchiolitis in rats can result in a chronic syndrome of intermittent, reversible airway obstruction which has multiple parallels with human asthma over a prolonged time period.
人类婴儿的病毒性细支气管炎与持续性气道异常有关，但尚未被证实为病因。此前我们观察到一些成年大鼠在幼年患细支气管炎后出现气道阻塞和高反应性。本研究的目的是通过对肺力学的系列测量，确定细支气管炎后气道阻塞是发作性还是持续性的，并确定糖皮质激素作用的程度和持续时间。在3周龄时，将大鼠分为病毒接种组（n = 14）或假接种组（n = 8）。在接种后第11 - 18周，对每组大鼠进行6次肺力学测量。每组一半的大鼠在第15周接受地塞米松治疗3天。病毒组大鼠的肺阻力高于对照组（p = 0.03），动态顺应性低于对照组（p = 0.005），气道阻塞呈发作性。地塞米松治疗对细支气管炎后大鼠有短暂作用；肺阻力在第15周恢复正常（p = 0.006），然后在第16 - 18周恢复到治疗前水平。我们得出结论，大鼠的病毒性细支气管炎可导致一种间歇性、可逆性气道阻塞的慢性综合征，在较长时间内与人类哮喘有多个相似之处。
