Keller D, Hämmerle C H, Lang N P
School of Dental Medicine, University of Berne, Switzerland.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 1996 Mar;7(1):48-54. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.1996.070106.x.
The aim of the present study was to determine the tactile pressure thresholds perceived with dental implants during a three-month healing phase following implant placement (osseointegration phase). The absolute threshold of tactile perception was measured in a group of patients 1 week, 1, 2 and 3 months following implant placement (ITI Dental Implant System, Straumann AG, Waldenburg, Switzerland). Contralateral and neighbouring teeth were measured at the same time. For determination of the axial forces exerted on the implants and teeth, and electronic device with semi-conductor strain gauges was used (Hämmerle et al. 1995). The results demonstrated mean thresholds of tactile perception for the implants of 160.2 g (SD 61.7 g, range 77 approximately 283 g) at 1 week, 133.4 g (SD 51.9 g, range 32 approximately 239 g) at 1 month, 147.9 g (SD 53.5 g, range 70 approximately 257 g) at 2 months, and 146.9 g (SD 57.4 g, range 77 approximately 248 g) at 3 months. Statistical analysis using Student's paired t-test revealed no significant differences between the values over time. The control teeth exhibited mean values for tactile perception of 13.1 g (SD 9.6 g, range 5 approximately 47 g) at 1 week, 10.2 g (SD 6.4 g, range 4 approximately 29 g) at 1 month, 14.8 g (SD 15.9 g, range 2 approximately 58 g) at 2 months, and 15.4 g (SD 12.2 g, range 3 approximately 36 g) at 3 months. Again, these values did not differ significantly from each other and indicated the absence of systemic alterations in perceived pressure threshold over the observation period. The mean perceived pressure threshold was more than 10 times higher for implants than for natural teeth (P < 0.001) at all observation times. It is concluded that the absolute threshold of tactile perception with dental implants during the phase of osseointegration is not affected by bone and soft tissue healing taking place during the time period.
本研究的目的是确定在种植体植入后的三个月愈合期（骨整合期）内，牙科种植体所感知的触觉压力阈值。在一组患者种植体植入后1周、1个月、2个月和3个月时测量触觉感知的绝对阈值（ITI牙科种植系统，瑞士沃登堡的士卓曼公司）。同时对同侧对照牙和邻牙进行测量。为了测定施加在种植体和牙齿上的轴向力，使用了一种带有半导体应变片的电子装置（Hämmerle等人，1995年）。结果显示，种植体在1周时触觉感知的平均阈值为160.2克（标准差61.7克，范围77至约283克），1个月时为133.4克（标准差51.9克，范围32至约239克），2个月时为147.9克（标准差53.5克，范围70至约257克），3个月时为146.9克（标准差57.4克，范围77至约248克）。使用学生配对t检验进行统计分析显示，这些值随时间没有显著差异。对照牙在1周时触觉感知的平均值为13.1克（标准差9.6克，范围5至47克），1个月时为10.2克（标准差6.4克，范围4至29克），2个月时为14.8克（标准差15.9克，范围2至58克），3个月时为15.4克（标准差12.2克，范围3至36克）。同样，这些值彼此之间没有显著差异，表明在观察期内感知压力阈值没有系统性变化。在所有观察时间点，种植体的平均感知压力阈值比天然牙高10倍以上（P < 0.001）。得出的结论是，在骨整合期，牙科种植体的触觉感知绝对阈值不受该时间段内发生的骨和软组织愈合的影响。
