Bouchard L, Renaud M
Groupe de Recherche sur les Aspects Sociaux de la Santé et de la Prévention (GRASP), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Soc Sci Med. 1997 Feb;44(3):381-92. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00155-4.
Despite widespread use over the past 20 years, prenatal diagnosis (PND) remains a controversial technique because of the moral and organizational dilemmas that it raises in many countries. In order to assess attitudes to PND within the Canadian medical profession, a survey was carried out involving over 3000 physicians offering PND (general practitioners, obstetricians, pediatricians, and radiologists). Several scales were developed to measure (1) physicians' willingness to broaden access to PND, (2) acceptability of abortion when a fetal anomaly is diagnosed, and (3) physicians' directiveness in regard to abortion. This article discusses results concerning the attitudes and opinions of male and female physicians toward prenatal diagnosis, which differed on the three scales. Female physicians are more liberal than their male colleagues with regard to access to amniocentesis and selective abortion and have a less directive relationship with their patients. These tendencies are similar to those observed in prior studies. They are particularly marked for general practitioners and radiologists. Various explanatory hypotheses are examined.
尽管在过去20年里得到广泛应用，但由于产前诊断（PND）在许多国家引发了道德和组织方面的困境，它仍然是一项存在争议的技术。为了评估加拿大医学界对产前诊断的态度，开展了一项调查，涉及3000多名提供产前诊断服务的医生（全科医生、产科医生、儿科医生和放射科医生）。开发了几个量表来衡量：（1）医生扩大产前诊断可及性的意愿；（2）诊断出胎儿异常时堕胎的可接受性；（3）医生在堕胎问题上的指导性。本文讨论了关于男医生和女医生对产前诊断的态度和意见的结果，这些结果在三个量表上存在差异。在羊膜穿刺术和选择性堕胎的可及性方面，女医生比男同事更开明，并且与患者的指导性关系较弱。这些趋势与先前研究中观察到的相似。在全科医生和放射科医生中尤为明显。文中考察了各种解释性假设。
