Moreno-Fuenmayor H, Valera V, Socorro-Candanoza L, Bracho A, Herrera M, Rodríguez Z, Concho E
Servicio de Medicina Genética Perinatal, Hospital Chiquinquirá. Maracaibo, Venezuela.
Invest Clin. 1996 Dec;37(4):271-8.
Incidence of anencephaly in the State of Zulia, and specifically in the Eastern Coast of Lake Maracaibo, an oil exploitation area, has been declared high since the beginning of the 80's, coincident with the generalized use of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for fetal evaluation. Through the Birth Defects Preventive Program, established at the Hospital Chiquinquirá in Maracaibo, we have developed a fourfold strategy for the study of birth defects: i) analysis of more than 32,332 ultrasound evaluations within the Ultrasound Service, between 1993 and 1996, ii) a case-control malformation registry beginning in 1995, iii) a study of malformed stillbirths at the Pathology Service, observed after 4232 deliveries within this hospital, and iv) a registry of over 638 mothers with high risk pregnancy for fetal defects detected at the prenatal clinic and carried out at the Perinatal Medical Genetics Service. As a reference population we study 345 medical histories obtained from the Medical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnostic Service at Hospital Coromoto, and oil companies related medical facility. This approach has led us to conclude that the incidence of anencephaly in the State of Zulia is 0.75/1000, significantly similar to that expected for most populations.
自20世纪80年代初以来，苏利亚州，特别是马拉开波湖东海岸（一个石油开采地区）无脑儿的发病率一直被宣布为很高，这与超声作为胎儿评估诊断工具的广泛使用相吻合。通过在马拉开波的奇金基拉医院设立的出生缺陷预防项目，我们制定了一项针对出生缺陷研究的四重策略：i）1993年至1996年期间，对超声服务部门内超过32332次超声评估进行分析；ii）从1995年开始建立病例对照畸形登记册；iii）对该医院4232例分娩后在病理科观察到的畸形死产进行研究；iv）对在产前诊所检测出胎儿缺陷并在围产期医学遗传学服务部门进行登记的638名高危孕妇进行登记。作为参考人群，我们研究了从科罗莫托医院的医学遗传学和产前诊断服务部门以及石油公司相关医疗设施获得的345份病历。这种方法使我们得出结论，苏利亚州无脑儿的发病率为0.75/1000，与大多数人群的预期发病率显著相似。
