Gameros Gardea R A
Servicio del alergia e immunología clínica del Hospital General de zona núm. 1 IMSS, Chihuahua, México.
Rev Alerg Mex. 1996 Sep-Oct;43(5):109-15.
Respiratory therapy, consists in the administration of gases or drugs via airways; it includes: oxygen, humidity, aerosol therapy, IPPB, chest physiotherapy and mechanical ventilation. Asthmatic patients frequently require oxygen support which is delivered by low and high flow systems, for best results, gases must be humidified, either by bubble or wick humidifiers, heat increases usefulness. Spray is produced by nebulizers and metered dose inhalers, the last are cheaper but they need a certain grade of coordination. Powder inhalers are easier to use. IPPB is indicated in patients with severe fatigue, this method is used sporadically. Chest physiotherapy teaches utilization of relaxation and inferior thoracic respiration techniques. Thoracic percussion must be avoided in an asthmatic crisis. Mechanical ventilation is delivered through a large bore canule, its goal is to assure an adequate gas exchange and to avoid respiratory muscular fatigue.
呼吸治疗包括通过气道给予气体或药物；它包括：氧气、湿化、雾化治疗、间歇正压通气、胸部物理治疗和机械通气。哮喘患者经常需要通过低流量和高流量系统提供的氧气支持，为了达到最佳效果，气体必须通过气泡式或芯式加湿器进行湿化，加热会增加其效用。喷雾由雾化器和定量吸入器产生，后者更便宜，但需要一定程度的协调能力。干粉吸入器使用起来更方便。间歇正压通气适用于严重疲劳的患者，这种方法偶尔使用。胸部物理治疗教授放松和下胸部呼吸技术的运用。在哮喘发作时必须避免胸部叩击。机械通气通过大口径插管进行，其目的是确保充分的气体交换并避免呼吸肌疲劳。
