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氧氟沙星在对治疗反应不佳的感染中的应用

[Use of ofloxacin in infections which do not readily respond to treatment].

作者信息

Zalaudek G

机构信息

Research Department, Hoechst Marion Roussel, Gemnay.

出版信息

Antibiot Khimioter. 1996;41(9):11-2.

PMID:9005779
Abstract

The properties of ofloxacin such as a new mechanism of action, broad spectrum and high antimicrobial activity, 100-percent bioavailability and rapid penetration to the body tissues, etc. which defined the antibiotic high efficacy in the therapy of infections difficult for the treatment with other antibacterial drugs are presented. The intensive use of ofloxacin within the last years was no accompanied by an increase in the resistance of the main pathogens to it. High concentrations of ofloxacin provided in the nasa sinuses and the antibiotic broad spectrum including the majority of gram-positive and gram-negative microbes conditioned its high therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of chronic sinusitis and otitis. Successful treatment of tuberculosis resistant of other drugs with ofloxacin supplementing the standard 3-component combination of rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide was shown possible. By its bioavailability ofloxacin proved to be superior to ciprofloxacin and its oral dose of 200 mg was equivalent by the efficacy to the oral dose of 500 mg of ciprofloxacin. The usual regimen of the ofloxacin use in the treatment of severe infections was 400 mg intravenously twice a day. The further oral use in a dose of 400 mg once a day was possible after the infectious process stabilization.

摘要

氧氟沙星具有新的作用机制、广谱、高抗菌活性、100%生物利用度以及能迅速渗透到身体组织等特性,这些特性决定了该抗生素在治疗其他抗菌药物难以治疗的感染方面具有高效性。在过去几年中,氧氟沙星的大量使用并未伴随主要病原体对其耐药性的增加。在鼻窦中能达到高浓度的氧氟沙星以及包括大多数革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性微生物在内的抗生素广谱性,决定了其在治疗慢性鼻窦炎和中耳炎方面具有高治疗效果。已表明用氧氟沙星补充利福平、异烟肼和吡嗪酰胺的标准三联组合,有可能成功治疗对其他药物耐药的结核病。就生物利用度而言,氧氟沙星被证明优于环丙沙星,其200毫克的口服剂量在疗效上等同于500毫克环丙沙星的口服剂量。治疗严重感染时氧氟沙星的常用给药方案是静脉注射400毫克,每日两次。在感染过程稳定后,可进一步每日一次口服400毫克。

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