Kim E K, Cristol S M, Geroski D H, McCarey B E, Edelhauser H F
Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
Arch Ophthalmol. 1997 Jan;115(1):81-8. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1997.01100150083014.
To characterize the mechanism by which air bubbles damage the corneal endothelium during phacoemulsification.
A series of experiments was conducted to expose the corneal endothelium of New Zealand white rabbit and human eyes that were obtained from an eye bank to air under different conditions. Phacoemulsification at different power settings and irrigation with and without the introduction of air into the anterior chamber were performed. Corneal endothelial perfusion experiments were conducted with air bubbles that were introduced into the perfusion chamber for 2 seconds to 1 hour. Air was also injected into the anterior chambers of anesthetized rabbits for 2 minutes to 3 hours. Corneas were stained with nitrobenzo-xadiazole-phallacidin and examined with fluorescence microscopy. Selected corneas were also examined with scanning and transmission electron microscopy.
Intracameral air bubbles during phacoemulsification, irrigation, and perfusion studies resulted in a severe injury to the corneal endothelium in as little as 20 seconds. Intracameral air bubbles in a living rabbit resulted in a slower injury that was morphologically different from the more rapid injury.
Air bubbles in intraocular fluids with a high surface tension can cause a ring-shaped pattern of damage to the corneal endothelium. The mechanism that caused this pattern of damage appears to be a surface tension phenomenon.
阐明超声乳化过程中气泡损伤角膜内皮的机制。
进行了一系列实验，将新西兰白兔的角膜内皮以及从眼库获取的人眼在不同条件下暴露于空气。在不同功率设置下进行超声乳化，并在前房有或无空气引入的情况下进行灌注。将气泡引入灌注室2秒至1小时进行角膜内皮灌注实验。还向麻醉兔的前房注入空气2分钟至3小时。角膜用硝基苯并恶二唑 - 鬼笔环肽染色，并用荧光显微镜检查。选定的角膜还用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜检查。
在超声乳化、灌注研究过程中前房内的气泡在短短20秒内就导致角膜内皮严重损伤。活兔前房内的气泡导致损伤速度较慢，其形态与更快的损伤不同。
具有高表面张力的眼内液中的气泡可导致角膜内皮呈环形损伤模式。造成这种损伤模式的机制似乎是一种表面张力现象。
