Götz M
Floridsdorfer Allergiezentrum, Wien.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1996;146(15):426-30.
Numerous undesirable reactions to alcoholic beverages, foods, drugs and other substances are characterized by allergy-like signs and symptoms and yet show unambiguously negative allergy test results. Such persons should be assessed for evidence of histamine intolerance caused by histamine overload and/or diamine oxidase deficiency. Diamine oxidase is the main histamine degrading enzyme with a predominantly gut activity. This would explain why nutritional allergies are often primarily suspected. The clinical evidence for histamine intolerance is based on chronic headache, diarrhoea, vomiting, flush, urticaria, asthma-like symptoms, rhinitis and others. Histamine restricted food, supported if necessary by H1 antihistamine blockade are simple but highly efficacious measures as shown by us in large patient groups. Intolerance to red wine probably is the most outstanding clinical characteristic and a directed question must be included into any allergy history in order to avoid missing a very major diagnostic spectrum with good therapeutic maneuverability.
对酒精饮料、食物、药物和其他物质的许多不良反应表现出类似过敏的体征和症状，但过敏试验结果却明确为阴性。应对这类人评估是否存在因组胺过载和/或二胺氧化酶缺乏导致的组胺不耐受证据。二胺氧化酶是主要的组胺降解酶，主要在肠道发挥作用。这就解释了为什么营养过敏常常首先受到怀疑。组胺不耐受的临床证据基于慢性头痛、腹泻、呕吐、潮红、荨麻疹、哮喘样症状、鼻炎等。限制组胺摄入的饮食，必要时辅以H1抗组胺药阻断，是简单但非常有效的措施，我们在大量患者群体中已证实这一点。对红酒不耐受可能是最突出的临床特征，在任何过敏史询问中都必须纳入针对性问题，以免遗漏具有良好治疗可操作性的非常重要的诊断范围。
