Karpuz H, Jeanrenaud X, Hurni M, Aebischer N, Koerfer J, Fischer A, Ruchat P, Stumpe F, Sadeghi H, Kappenberger L
Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Am J Card Imaging. 1996 Oct;10(4):254-60.
Advancing The Standard (ATS) Medical (ATS Medical Inc., Minneapolis, MN) is a new mechanical bileaflet valve, composed of pyrolitic carbon. The aim of this study was to define in a blinded manner the Doppler echocardiographic characteristics of normally functioning ATS Medical prostheses with respect to their size. Forty consecutive patients (29 men, mean age 58 +/- 13 years), clinically stable, and without evidence of valve dysfunction, were studied from 1993 to 1995. Doppler echocardiography was performed at least 3 months after valve replacement with ATS Medical valves (5 n degrees 21, 8 n degrees 23, 12 n degrees 25, 10 n degrees 27, 5 n degrees 29). Maximum and mean transprosthetic pressure gradients were calculated by the simplified Bernoulli equation. Functional valve surface area was assessed by the continuity equation using the external diameter of the prostheses to calculate the subaortic surface area. The Doppler velocity index was obtained by the ratio of subaortic and transaortic velocities and the performance index was calculated dividing the effective orifice area by the actual orifice area. For the most commonly used aortic valve (25 mm), the maximum pressure gradient was 17 +/- 8 mmHg, the mean gradient 11 +/- 4 mmHg, the functional surface area 2.2 +/- 0.4 cm2, the Doppler velocity index 0.44 +/- 0.07, and the performance index 0.68 +/- 0.11. This study provides the normal range for Doppler hemodynamic characteristics of the various sizes of the ATS valve.
先进标准（ATS）医疗公司（位于明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市的ATS医疗公司）生产一种新型的双叶机械瓣膜，由热解碳制成。本研究旨在以盲法确定正常运行的ATS医疗瓣膜在尺寸方面的多普勒超声心动图特征。1993年至1995年，对40例连续患者（29名男性，平均年龄58±13岁）进行了研究，这些患者临床稳定，无瓣膜功能障碍证据。在植入ATS医疗瓣膜（5号至21号、8号至23号、12号至25号、10号至27号、5号至29号）至少3个月后进行多普勒超声心动图检查。通过简化的伯努利方程计算最大和平均跨瓣膜压力梯度。使用连续性方程，通过假体的外径计算主动脉下表面积来评估功能性瓣膜表面积。多普勒速度指数通过主动脉下和主动脉速度之比获得，性能指数通过有效孔面积除以实际孔面积计算得出。对于最常用的主动脉瓣膜（25毫米），最大压力梯度为17±8毫米汞柱，平均梯度为11±4毫米汞柱，功能性表面积为2.2±0.4平方厘米，多普勒速度指数为0.44±0.07，性能指数为0.68±0.11。本研究提供了不同尺寸ATS瓣膜多普勒血流动力学特征的正常范围。
