Nisbet P A
Department of Sociology, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 1996 Winter;26(4):325-41.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent to which a model of social support may help explain the low suicide rate of Black females. The data are taken from the National Institute of Mental Health's Epidemiological Catchment Area Study 1980-1985 (United States). The LISREL model examines the direct and indirect effects of the background characteristics on attempted suicide as mediated by emotional state. Results indicate evidence that for Black and White males and females, finding emotional and psychological support in friends and family members helps to safeguard against suicide. The most substantial finding is that for all all race/sex categories, seeking support from friendship and familial resources is negatively related to attempted suicide, whereas seeking support from professional resources is associated with an increase in the likelihood of a suicide attempt. This increased likelihood of attempted suicide may be reflecting populations members' resistance to seeking professional help until their emotional state has severely deteriorated.
本研究的目的是评估社会支持模型在多大程度上有助于解释黑人女性自杀率较低的原因。数据取自美国国立精神卫生研究所1980 - 1985年的流行病学集水区研究。LISREL模型考察了背景特征通过情绪状态介导对自杀未遂的直接和间接影响。结果表明，对于黑人和白人男性及女性而言，在朋友和家庭成员中获得情感和心理支持有助于预防自杀。最显著的发现是，对于所有种族/性别的类别，从友谊和家庭资源中寻求支持与自杀未遂呈负相关，而从专业资源中寻求支持则与自杀未遂可能性的增加有关。这种自杀未遂可能性的增加可能反映了人群在情绪状态严重恶化之前对寻求专业帮助的抵触情绪。
