Houston A S, Sampson W F
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Naval Hospital, Gosport, Hants, UK.
Phys Med Biol. 1997 Jan;42(1):199-217. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/42/1/013.
Simulated and phantom data were used to determine if factor analysis of dynamic structures (FADS) methods can be used quantitatively. FADS methods tested included variants of apex seeking, the intersection method, cluster analysis and spatial constraints. These were compared with a region-of-interest (ROI) approach. Simulated renal studies were prepared using from three to six homogeneous structures. These corresponded to two blood background structures; two structures (one pathological) for parenchyma; and two structures (one pathological) for the collecting system. Time-activity curves for background, parenchyma and collecting system were obtained for each method and compared with the true curve. A kidney phantom was modelled using a tunnelled vessel filled with chelating material A variable flow was controlled by a peristaltic pump representing the renal filtration of fluid. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using FADS and ROI-based methods and compared with the values measured experimentally. Most FADS methods perform well in the absence of pathology, but less well than the ROI-based method when pathology is present. Some FADS methods perform better than the ROI-based method when background estimation is a problem as in the GFR experiment. For quantitative analysis, the success of FADS depends on the validity of the underlying assumptions and on the appropriate nature of the constraints.
使用模拟数据和体模数据来确定动态结构因子分析（FADS）方法是否可用于定量分析。所测试的FADS方法包括顶点搜索变体、交点法、聚类分析和空间约束。将这些方法与感兴趣区域（ROI）方法进行比较。使用三到六个均匀结构制备模拟肾脏研究。这些结构对应于两种血液背景结构；两种实质结构（一种病理性）；以及两种集合系统结构（一种病理性）。针对每种方法获取背景、实质和集合系统的时间-活性曲线，并与真实曲线进行比较。使用填充有螯合材料的隧道血管对肾脏体模进行建模，通过蠕动泵控制可变流量以模拟肾脏的液体过滤。使用FADS和基于ROI的方法估计肾小球滤过率（GFR），并与实验测量值进行比较。大多数FADS方法在无病理情况下表现良好，但在存在病理时不如基于ROI的方法。在GFR实验中，当背景估计存在问题时，一些FADS方法的表现优于基于ROI的方法。对于定量分析，FADS的成功取决于潜在假设的有效性以及约束的适当性质。
