Sundquist J, Johansson S E
Department of Community Health Sciences Dalby/Lund, University of Lund, Sweden.
Soc Sci Med. 1997 Jan;44(2):189-98. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00145-1.
This study shows the influence on self-reported health of ethnicity, operationalised as Swedes and foreign-born people from Finland, Western countries (Western Europe-except for Finland and South Europe-the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Japan), South Europe and all other countries (East Europe and non-European, non-Western countries). A simple random sample of 23.864 Swedes and foreign-born people were interviewed in 1980-1981 and 1988-1989 by Statistics Sweden. In successive models starting with only ethnicity and age, one variable at a time was included in the two main models, one with material and economic factors and another with lifestyle factors as independent variables, in order to study how the importance of ethnicity changed. The age-adjusted relations between male and female Finns and severe long-term illness were reduced from an odds ratio of 2.37 and 1.86, respectively, to 1.90 and 1.70 after including educational status, marital status, exercise, smoking, and body mass index in the final model. The high odds ratios for males and females born in South Europe or born in non-Western countries decreased with the inclusion of lifestyle factors but were still high 2.26 and 2.50 in South Europeans and 1.94 and 1.81 in non-Westerners. Males and females born in Finland, South Europe or in non-Western countries had high odds ratios for severe long-term illness when education, material standard, economic resources, leisure opportunities and social network were simultaneously controlled for. People born in Western countries showed no association to limiting long-term illness. The conclusion of the present study is that ethnicity, defined as foreign-born people, was strongly associated with limiting long-term illness when controlling for social, material and lifestyle factors.
本研究显示了种族对自我报告健康状况的影响，种族具体分为瑞典人、出生于国外的芬兰人、西方国家（西欧，不包括芬兰和南欧，以及美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰和日本）的人、南欧人以及所有其他国家（东欧和非欧洲、非西方国家）的人。1980 - 1981年和1988 - 1989年，瑞典统计局对23864名瑞典人和出生于国外的人进行了简单随机抽样访谈。在最初仅包含种族和年龄的连续模型中，每次在两个主要模型中纳入一个变量，一个模型以物质和经济因素为自变量，另一个模型以生活方式因素为自变量，以研究种族重要性如何变化。在最终模型中纳入教育程度、婚姻状况、运动、吸烟和体重指数后，芬兰男性和女性与严重长期疾病之间经年龄调整后的关系，分别从优势比2.37和1.86降至1.90和1.70。纳入生活方式因素后，出生于南欧或非西方国家的男性和女性的高优势比有所下降，但南欧人的优势比仍较高，为2.26和2.50，非西方人的优势比为1.94和1.81。当同时控制教育、物质水平、经济资源、休闲机会和社会网络时，出生于芬兰、南欧或非西方国家的男性和女性患严重长期疾病的优势比很高。出生于西方国家的人与长期疾病受限无关联。本研究的结论是，当控制社会、物质和生活方式因素时，以外籍出生人群定义的种族与长期疾病受限密切相关。
