Johansson L M, Sundquist J, Johansson S E, Bergman B, Qvist J, Träskman-Bendz L
Department of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge Hospital, Sweden.
Soc Sci Med. 1997 Jan;44(2):181-7. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00142-6.
The increasing number of immigrants in Sweden during the past four decades has brought the health of ethnic groups into focus. The purpose of this study was to analyse the influence of ethnicity, age, sex, marital status and date of immigration on suicide rates. The study population consisted of all individuals over 15 years of age, N = 6,725,274, from the Swedish census of 1985 and is based on individual data. Suicides and undetermined deaths, during the follow-up period 1986-1989, were taken from the central Cause of Death Register. Ethnicity, defined as being foreign-born, was a risk factor for suicide for both men and women with risk ratios of 1.21 (1.11-1.31) and 1.36 (1.21-1.53), respectively, with control for age and marital status. Being unmarried was also a risk factor for both males and females with risk ratios from 1.26 to 5.55 in different age groups. The highest risk ratios for suicide in Sweden, adjusted for age, were found among males born in Russia and Finland. They also showed higher suicide risks than in their countries of birth. Females born in Hungary, Russia, Finland and Poland all had high risks of committing suicide in Sweden and they also had higher risks than in their countries of birth. Further, being of male sex, aged 45-54 or 75 and older, and born in Eastern Europe or Finland were significant risk factors for suicide. The same was true for those who had immigrated to Sweden in 1967 or earlier and were born in Finland, Eastern Europe or in non-European countries. These findings are of great importance for primary health care and psychiatric care planning.
在过去四十年间，瑞典移民数量不断增加，这使得不同种族群体的健康状况成为焦点。本研究旨在分析种族、年龄、性别、婚姻状况及移民日期对自杀率的影响。研究对象为1985年瑞典人口普查中所有15岁以上的个体，共6,725,274人，数据基于个体资料。1986 - 1989年随访期间的自杀和死因不明的死亡情况取自中央死亡原因登记处。种族定义为出生在国外，在控制年龄和婚姻状况后，对于男性和女性而言，都是自杀的一个风险因素，风险比分别为1.21（1.11 - 1.31）和1.36（1.21 - 1.53）。未婚对于男性和女性也是一个风险因素，在不同年龄组中风险比从1.26到5.55不等。在瑞典，经年龄调整后，自杀风险比最高的是出生在俄罗斯和芬兰的男性。他们在瑞典的自杀风险也高于其出生国。出生在匈牙利、俄罗斯、芬兰和波兰的女性在瑞典都有较高的自杀风险，且高于其出生国。此外，男性、年龄在45 - 54岁或75岁及以上、出生在东欧或芬兰是自杀的重要风险因素。对于那些在1967年或更早移民到瑞典且出生在芬兰、东欧或非欧洲国家的人来说也是如此。这些发现对于初级卫生保健和精神科护理规划具有重要意义。
