Hovgaard L, Brøndsted H
Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Universitetsparken, Copenhagen ø, Denmark.
Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 1996;13(3-4):185-223. doi: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.v13.i3-4.10.
Polysaccharides have over the years been used widely in pharmaceutical, chemical, and biochemical drug delivery. This family of natural polymers has an appeal to the area of drug delivery as it is comprised of polymers with a large number of derivatizable groups, a wide range of molecular weights, varying chemical compositions, and for the most part, a low toxicity and biodegradability, yet a high stability. The main scope of this review is to relate the polysaccharides available now to the rapidly growing field of colonic drug delivery. Polysaccharides have been applied to the area as controlled release coatings, matrices, macromolecular carriers, and biodegradable carriers. Bacterial sources of polysaccharidases as well as a detailed treatise of the enzymatic flora of the colonic region are discussed, followed by a presentation of the polysaccharides available for the purpose of colon-specific drug delivery. A final overview of the various approaches to obtain colon-specific delivery by using polysaccharides and a summary of available in vitro and in vivo testing methods will lead to the conclusion that polysaccharides at this point appear to be very promising compounds for use in obtaining colon-specific drug delivery systems.
多年来，多糖已广泛应用于制药、化学和生化药物递送领域。这类天然聚合物在药物递送领域具有吸引力，因为它由具有大量可衍生化基团、广泛分子量范围、不同化学组成的聚合物组成，并且在大多数情况下，毒性低、可生物降解，但稳定性高。本综述的主要范围是将现有的多糖与快速发展的结肠药物递送领域联系起来。多糖已被应用于控释包衣、基质、大分子载体和可生物降解载体等领域。讨论了多糖酶的细菌来源以及结肠区域酶菌群的详细论述，随后介绍了可用于结肠特异性药物递送目的的多糖。最后概述了利用多糖实现结肠特异性递送的各种方法以及现有体外和体内测试方法的总结，将得出结论：此时多糖似乎是用于获得结肠特异性药物递送系统的非常有前景的化合物。
