Wong W W, Butte N F, Hergenroeder A C, Hill R B, Stuff J E, Smith E O
United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition, Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1996 Dec;81(6):2407-14. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1996.81.6.2407.
The basal metabolic rate (BMR), which accounts for 50-70% of total energy expenditure, is essential for estimation of patient and population energy needs. Numerous equations have been formulated for prediction of human BMR. Most equations in current use are based on measurements of Caucasians performed more than four decades ago. We evaluated 10 prediction equations commonly used for estimation of BMR in 76 Caucasian and 42 African-American girls between 8 and 17 yr of age against BMR measured by whole-body calorimetry. The majority of the prediction equations (9 of 10) overestimated BMR by 60 +/- 46 kcal/day (range, 15-176 kcal/day). This overestimation was found to be significantly greater (P < 0.05) for African-American (77 +/- 17 kcal/day) than for Caucasians (25 +/- 17 kcal/day) in six equations, controlling for age, weight, and sexual maturity. We conclude that ethnicity is an important factor in estimation of the BMR and that the current prediction equations are not appropriate for accurate estimation of the BMR of individual female children and adolescents.
基础代谢率（BMR）占总能量消耗的50 - 70%，对于估算患者和人群的能量需求至关重要。已经制定了许多用于预测人体BMR的公式。目前使用的大多数公式是基于四十多年前对高加索人的测量。我们针对通过全身量热法测量的BMR，评估了10个常用于估算8至17岁的76名高加索女孩和42名非裔美国女孩BMR的预测公式。大多数预测公式（10个中的9个）高估BMR 60±46千卡/天（范围为15 - 176千卡/天）。在控制年龄、体重和性成熟度的六个公式中，发现非裔美国人（77±17千卡/天）的这种高估比高加索人（25±17千卡/天）显著更大（P < 0.05）。我们得出结论，种族是估算BMR的一个重要因素，并且当前的预测公式不适用于准确估算个体女童和青少年的BMR。
