Hård A L, Williams P, Sjöstrand J
Department of Ophthalmology, Göteborg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1995 Dec;73(6):483-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0420.1995.tb00320.x.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Swedish screening criteria for referral of children to ophthalmic care after visual acuity testing at the age of 4 years. The screening limit has generally been 0.8. To what extent do children with 0.65 in each eye (0.65/0.65) or 0.65 in one and 0.8 in the other (0.65/0.8) at the age of 4 years have visual defects needing early treatment? Sixty-three children who had failed screening underwent orthoptic and ophthalmologic evaluation. Twenty-four patients (38%) saw 0.65/0.65 or 0.65/0.8 and were studied further. None of them had manifest strabismus. Refractive errors were minor except in 2 patients who had significant hyperopia. Twenty-two of these 24 patients returned for reevaluation at the age of five years and that time 18 of them saw 0.8 or more without treatment. Our findings suggest that children with visual acuity of no less than 0.65 and no more than one line's difference between the eyes at 4 years of age seldom have visual defects needing treatment.
本研究的目的是评估瑞典4岁儿童视力测试后转诊至眼科护理的筛查标准。筛查界限一般为0.8。4岁时双眼视力均为0.65（0.65/0.65）或一眼为0.65另一眼为0.8（0.65/0.8）的儿童有多大比例存在需要早期治疗的视力缺陷？63名筛查未通过的儿童接受了斜视矫正和眼科评估。24名患者（38%）视力为0.65/0.65或0.65/0.8，并接受了进一步研究。他们均无明显斜视。除2名患有显著远视的患者外，屈光不正均较轻微。这24名患者中有22名在5岁时返回接受重新评估，当时其中18名未经治疗视力达到了0.8或更高。我们的研究结果表明，4岁时视力不低于0.65且两眼视力相差不超过一行的儿童很少有需要治疗的视力缺陷。
