Käsmann-Kellner B W, Ruprecht K W
Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Orthoptics, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany.
Strabismus. 2000 Sep;8(3):201-7.
The excellent co-operation with the pediatric public health service of the local health authorities enables us to present the collected results of a vision screening survey of all children starting primary school in 1998 in the Federal State of Saarland. The aim is to analyze the prevalence of amblyopia, strabismus, reduced visual acuity, refractive errors and severe visual impairment in one complete grade of pre-schoolers.
The examination parameters had been determined in co-operation with the Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology at the University of Saarland and had been fitted to the needs and abilities of lay persons (health workers) doing a vision screening as part of a general health check-up. Parameters were: visual acuity (Rodenstock R21), color vision (Ishihara), stereopsis (Lang), and test for latent hyperopia. Referral to an ophthalmologist if: visual acuity < 0.7; difference in visual acuity in both eyes of more than one line, or any other pathological test result. A total of 12,192 children were screened.
The preventive pediatric examinations were complete in 5756 children (56.4%), incomplete in 4449 children (43. 6%) and in 1987 children (16.3%) the degree of completion could not be determined. Eyes: pathological findings in 41.7%. Reduced visual acuity in 30.8%, color vision defects in 1.3%, severe visual impairment in 0.3%. Pathological findings in other organ systems: skeleton 33.5%, teeth 32.6%. For the urban confederacy of Saarbrücken: referrals to ophthalmologists: n=1108. No feedback information: 380; refractive correction: 226; recommendation for regular checks: 346; no pathological findings: 156. CONCLUSION. The high percentage of pathological findings in the vision screening of 12,192 pre-schoolers is an important confirmation that there is a need for a preventive ophthalmologic examination before the age of six. Only an area-wide ophthalmologic vision screening around the second or third year of life can effectively reduce the high prevalence of pathological findings at the time of starting primary school. To improve the present screening situation, networks between ophthalmologists and pediatricians would be beneficial.
与当地卫生部门的儿科公共卫生服务部门的良好合作，使我们能够呈现1998年在萨尔兰州所有即将进入小学的儿童视力筛查调查的汇总结果。目的是分析一个完整年级学龄前儿童中弱视、斜视、视力下降、屈光不正和严重视力损害的患病率。
检查参数是与萨尔兰大学儿科眼科系合作确定的，并已根据作为一般健康检查一部分进行视力筛查的外行人（卫生工作者）的需求和能力进行了调整。参数包括：视力（罗敦司得R21）、色觉（石原）、立体视觉（朗氏）和潜在远视测试。如果出现以下情况，则转诊至眼科医生：视力<0.7；双眼视力差异超过一行，或任何其他病理检查结果。总共对12192名儿童进行了筛查。
5756名儿童（56.4%）的预防性儿科检查完整，4449名儿童（43.6%）不完整，1987名儿童（16.3%）的完成程度无法确定。眼部：41.7%有病理发现。视力下降占30.8%，色觉缺陷占1.3%，严重视力损害占0.3%。其他器官系统的病理发现：骨骼占33.5%，牙齿占32.6%。对于萨尔布吕肯城市联盟：转诊至眼科医生的人数：n = 1108。无反馈信息：380；屈光矫正：226；建议定期检查：346；无病理发现：156。结论。对121,92名学龄前儿童进行视力筛查时病理发现的高比例，有力地证实了在六岁前进行预防性眼科检查的必要性。只有在生命的第二或第三年进行全区域的眼科视力筛查，才能有效降低小学入学时病理发现的高患病率。为改善目前的筛查状况，眼科医生和儿科医生之间建立网络将是有益的。
