Firearm injuries in maxillofacial region reconstructive surgery.

Firearms induce severe morphological and structural alterations on both soft and bony tissues of the face. It is therefore essential to restore their previous functionality. In our experience, maxillofacial lesions due to firearm shooting must be divided, from a locational point of view, into those lesions involving the upper third, those involving the medium third, and those involving the lower third of the face. Lesions of soft and bony tissues must be evaluated precisely through instrumental diagnostic examinations and axial and coronal computed tomographic projection, preferably with a three-dimensional construction, to be able to restore the previous functional integrity of the maxillofacial region. At a subsequent surgical time, it may be necessary to plan aesthetic corrections for recovery of the previous facial harmony.