Houston B K, Babyak M A, Chesney M A, Black G, Ragland D R
Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA.
Psychosom Med. 1997 Jan-Feb;59(1):5-12. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199701000-00002.
Research findings suggest that, in addition to hostility, social dominance-related variables may be related to morbidity and mortality. The purposes of the present study were to evaluate a) whether pressured social dominance (defined as a pattern of structured-interview-defined characteristics of verbal competition, immediateness of response, and fast speaking rate) was related to long-term health outcomes, namely, all-cause mortality, and b) whether individuals characterized by other patterns of structured-interview-derived characteristics also varied in terms of mortality.
The present study represents an analysis of the data from the 22-year mortality follow-up of 750 men from the Western Collaborative Group Study. Cluster analytic techniques were used to classify individuals according to their speech and behavioral characteristics during a structured interview. Cox proportional hazards models were used to test the association between the behavioral characteristics and the risk of all-cause mortality.
The pattern of characteristics reflecting pressured social dominance was found to be positively related to mortality (RR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1-2.4, p < .02); this relation held after controlling for diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and smoking status at study entry, and also after controlling for hostility. In addition, the pattern of characteristics in which hostility was salient was found to be positively related to mortality (RR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1-2.2, p < .02). Finally, a pattern of characteristics that suggests placid individuals who are neither hostile nor socially dominant was found to be significantly negatively related to mortality (RR = .638, 95% CI = .419-.974, p < .04).
These results suggest that, in future research concerning psychosocial factors and long-term survival, attention should be given to social dominance as well as to hostility.
研究结果表明，除了敌意之外，与社会支配相关的变量可能与发病率和死亡率有关。本研究的目的是评估：a）压力性社会支配（定义为结构化访谈中确定的言语竞争、反应即时性和快速语速等特征模式）是否与长期健康结果即全因死亡率相关；b）具有其他结构化访谈得出的特征模式的个体在死亡率方面是否也存在差异。
本研究是对来自西方协作组研究的750名男性进行22年死亡率随访的数据进行分析。采用聚类分析技术根据个体在结构化访谈中的言语和行为特征进行分类。使用Cox比例风险模型来检验行为特征与全因死亡风险之间的关联。
发现反映压力性社会支配的特征模式与死亡率呈正相关（风险比=1.6，95%置信区间=1.1 - 2.4，p <.02）；在控制了研究开始时的舒张压、总胆固醇和吸烟状况后，以及在控制了敌意之后，这种关系依然成立。此外，发现敌意显著的特征模式与死亡率呈正相关（风险比=1.5，95%置信区间=1.1 - 2.2，p <.02）。最后，发现一种表明既不具有敌意也不具有社会支配性的平和个体的特征模式与死亡率呈显著负相关（风险比=.638，95%置信区间=.419 -.974，p <.04）。
这些结果表明，在未来关于心理社会因素和长期生存的研究中，应关注社会支配以及敌意。
