Doern G V, Brueggemann A B, Huynh H, Wingert E
Department of Pathology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 1999 Nov-Dec;5(6):757-65. doi: 10.3201/eid0506.990603.
From November 1997 to April 1998, 1,601 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were obtained from 34 U.S. medical centers. The overall rate of strains showing resistance to penicillin was 29. 5%, with 17.4% having intermediate resistance. Multidrug resistance, defined as lack of susceptibility to penicillin and at least two other non-ss-lactam classes of antimicrobial drugs, was observed in 16.0% of isolates. Resistance to all 10 ss-lactam drugs examined in this study was directly related to the level of penicillin resistance. Penicillin resistance rates were highest in isolates from middle ear fluid and sinus aspirates of children ambulatory-care settings. Twenty-four of the 34 medical centers in this study had participated in a similar study 3 years before. In 19 of these 24 centers, penicillin resistance rates increased 2.9% to 39.2%. Similar increases were observed with rates of resistance to other antimicrobial drugs.
1997年11月至1998年4月,从美国34个医疗中心获取了1601株肺炎链球菌临床分离株。对青霉素耐药的菌株总体比例为29.5%,其中中度耐药的占17.4%。16.0%的分离株表现出多重耐药,即对青霉素和至少另外两类非β-内酰胺类抗菌药物不敏感。本研究中检测的所有10种β-内酰胺类药物的耐药性都与青霉素耐药水平直接相关。在儿童门诊护理机构的中耳液和鼻窦吸出物分离株中,青霉素耐药率最高。本研究中的34个医疗中心中有24个在3年前参与过一项类似研究。在这24个中心中的19个,青霉素耐药率上升了2.9%至39.2%。对其他抗菌药物的耐药率也有类似上升。